Dissertation Research: A Comparative Study of Manual Prehensility in Prosimian Primates and Didelphid Marsupials

论文研究：原猴灵长类动物和双足有袋类动物手握能力的比较研究

• 批准号: 9318750
• 负责人: John Fleagle
• 金额: $ 0.99万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-02-01 至 1996-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9318750&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Comparative; Study; Manual

ABSTRACT P.I. John Fleagle/Pierre Lemelin SBR- 9318750 The evolution of prehensile extremities is a recurrent theme in models of primate origins. However, there is strong disagreement about the underlying causes associated with the shift toward greater prehensile capabilities of the hand in primates. Proponents of the arboreal theory of primate origins have suggested that locomotion in the trees, especially leaping from branch to branch, was the primary selective factor involved in the evolution of prehensile hands and other primate diagnostic features. Alternative models stressing viual predation on invertebrates on fine-branch supports have also been proposed to explain the emergence of these features. The main problem when evaluating these models is that no detailed knowledge exists on how performance variables actually relate to hand function and structure in extant primates. To this end, this research project will document associations between hand morphology and hand use during locomotion, posture, and manipulation of food objects whithin extant prosimian primates. Differences in hand proportions and musculature will be contrasted with behavioral observataions on hand use for selected genera. Comparisons will then be made with some non-primate groups in order to highlight the peculiarly primate specializations of prehensility. This study will provide an empirical basis to evaluate various models of primate origins to explain manual prehensility, and to interpert behavior in many important fossil hands. *** P\anthro\jfried\9318750.abs ! ! ! D ; ; ( Times New Roman Symbol & Arial " h % % = Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender

摘要 P.I. John Fleagle/Pierre Lemelin SBR- 9318750 在灵长类起源的模型中，四肢的进化是一个反复出现的主题。 然而，关于灵长类动物手部向更强的抓握能力转变的根本原因，人们存在着强烈的分歧。 灵长类起源的树栖理论的支持者认为，在树上的运动，特别是从分支跳到分支，是参与进化可伸展的手和其他灵长类诊断特征的主要选择因素。 替代模型强调viual捕食无脊椎动物的细支支持也被提出来解释这些功能的出现。 评估这些模型时的主要问题是，没有详细的知识存在于现有的灵长类动物的手的功能和结构的性能变量实际上如何。 为此，本研究计划将记录手的形态和手的使用之间的关联，在运动，姿势和操纵食物对象whithin现存的原猴亚目灵长类动物。 手的比例和肌肉组织的差异将与选定属的手使用行为观察进行对比。 然后，将与一些非灵长类动物群体进行比较，以突出灵长类动物特有的特殊性。 这项研究将提供一个经验基础，以评估各种模型的灵长类动物的起源，以解释手动的非对称性，并在许多重要的化石手interpert行为。 [*] P\anthro\jfried\9318750.abs ! ! ! D ; ; ( Times New Roman 符号Arial " H % % = 乔纳森·弗里德兰德