Dissertation Research: An Ethnoarchaeological Study: Subsistence Economies in the Melendiz Plain, Central Anatolia, Turkey

9319164沃森在Patty Jo Watson博士的指导下，Ertug-Yaras女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将研究位于安卡拉东南部卡帕多西亚地区的一个传统土耳其村庄目前的生存实践。埃尔图格-亚拉斯女士是一位对了解过去感兴趣的考古学家，她将研究现在和最近的做法，以收集与这一目标相关的信息。该村的经济以农业为基础，主要是大田种植和园艺，以及绵羊、山羊和牛的饲养。虽然经济已融入区域、国家甚至国际体系，但初步研究表明，当地对市场化前技术的了解仍然存在。Ertug-Yaras女士将收集基本的社会和人口数据。她还将观察和记录当前的生存活动，并特别关注仍然发挥重要经济作用的野生植物的采集。还将审查动物的使用和畜群管理策略。最后，将进行广泛的结构化访谈，以记录不再使用的策略。研究结果将应用于该地区的一处考古遗址。山羊和绵羊等动物以及大麦和小麦等植物的驯化发生在一万多年前的近东地区，土耳其和邻近地区的遗址记录了这一过程。新石器时代的革命标志着人类史前的一个重要转折点，它为复杂社会的发展奠定了基础。虽然许多相关的遗址已经被挖掘出来，但考古材料并不能说明问题，而且很难解释。对从事某些相同活动的现代人的研究提供了一个非常有用的解释背景。Ertug-Yaras女士很幸运地找到了一个既有早期考古遗址又有一系列传统活动的地区。这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为在近东许多地区工作的考古学家提供有价值的数据。它有可能为复杂社会的起源提供新的线索，并将有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。＊＊＊

9319164 Watson Under the direction of Dr. Patty Jo Watson, Ms. Ertug-Yaras will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will study current subsistence practices in a traditional Turkish village located in the Cappadocia region, south-east of Ankara. Ms. Ertug-Yaras is an archaeologist interested in understanding the past and she will examine present and recent practices to glean information relevant to this goal. The economy of the village is based on agriculture, basically field cropping and gardening, as well as the husbandry of sheep, goats and cattle. Although the economy is integrated into the regional, national and even international systems, preliminaries studies indicate that local knowledge about pre-market oriented techniques still exists. Ms. Ertug-Yaras will collect basic social and demographic data. She will also observe and document current subsistence activities and especially focus on the gathering of wild plants which still play an important economic role. Use of animals and herd management strategies will also be examined. Finally extensive structured interviews will be conducted to record strategies which are no longer employed. The results will then be applied to an archaeological site in the region. The domestication of animals such as goats and sheep and plants such as barley and wheat occurred just over 10,000 years ago in the Near East and sites in Turkey and adjacent regions document this process. This Neolithic revolution marks a major turning point in human prehistory and it laid the groundwork for the development of complex societies. While many relevant sites have been excavated, archaeological material does not speak for itself and can be difficult to interpret. Studies of present day peoples who appear to engage in some of the same activities provide an extremely useful interpretive context. The Ms. Ertug-Yaras has been fortunate enough to locate a region in which both early archaeological sites and a range of traditiona l activities are present. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of value to archaeologists who work in many parts of the Near East. It holds the potential to shed new light on the origins of complex society and will assist in the training of a promising young scientist. ***