Market Distortion in Equilibrium Analysis and Comparative Statistics

9321022香农市场不完善的重要性，如外部性在理论和政策导向的研究，很难夸大。 宏观经济学中的许多最重要的问题，例如确定影响长期增长的因素或解释观察到的各国增长和发展率的差异，在生产和资本积累的外部性或扭曲性的政府税收和支出等市场缺陷被纳入增长理论之前，要么不能有意义地提出，要么不能得到令人满意的回答。 然而，这项工作的大部分解决了这些问题，在高度专业化的模型，如代表性的代理模型，或模型与参数指定的时间可分离的偏好和技术。 如果这些模型被扰动，以允许在技术偏好方面跨时期进行更多的互动，那么是否有必要进行全新的分析？ 这一新分析的结论是否完全不同？ 本项目的目的是为这些同样的问题获得可靠的答案，这些问题尽可能少地依赖于关于偏好或生产技术的假设。 这是通过研究存在性，比较统计，和一般均衡模型的外部性和无限数量的商品均衡的确定性。 该项目还为潜在的市场扭曲或不完善问题的比较静态分析开发了新方法。

9321022 Shannon The importance of market imperfections such as externalities in both theoretical and policy-oriented research can hardly be overstated. Many of the most important questions in macroeconomics, such as determining the factors that affect long- term growth or explaining observed differences in growth and development rates across countries, either could not be meaningfully posed or could not be satisfactorily answered until market imperfections such as externalities in production and capital accumulation or distortionary government taxing and spending were incorporated into growth theory. However, most of this work addresses these issues in highly specialized models such as representative agent models, or models with parametricly specified time separable preferences and technologies. If these models are perturbed to allow for more interaction across periods in preferences of technologies, is an entirely new analysis necessary? Are conclusions of this new analysis radically different? The purpose of this project is to obtain robust answers to these same questions which depend as little as possible on assumptions about preferences or production technologies. This is done by studying the existence, comparative statistics, and determinacy of equilibria in general equilibrium models with externalities and an infinite number of commodities. The project also develops new methods for comparative statics analysis in problems with potential market distortions or imperfections.