In-Depth Study of Cosmogenic in Situ 14CO, 14CO2 and Atmospheric CO2 in GISP II Firn and Ice

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This award is for support for a two year continuing grant to study the cosmogenic in-situ carbon-14 trapped in the GISP2 core. Total amounts of carbon-14 activities in the carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) phases will be studied using previously developed techniques. New techniques will be developed for the measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations in ice using wet and dry extraction methods and of carbon-14 activities using a dry extraction procedure. By studying the total carbon-14 activities in ice samples of known age information on the dependence of retention of both atmospheric carbon dioxide and in-situ carbon-14 activities on the ambient temperatures will be determined. The proposed studies will provide an algorithm for using the hybrid carbon-14 chronometer (hybrid because carbon-14 is derived from two sources), and should allow accurate carbon-14 dating of other ice cores.