RAPID: Testing the erosion signature of coseismic landslides using cosmogenic catchment wide erosion rates - a case study of the 2016 Kaikoura Earthquake, New Zealand

RAPID：使用宇宙成因流域广泛侵蚀率测试同震滑坡的侵蚀特征 - 以 2016 年新西兰凯库拉地震为例

• 批准号: 1719622
• 负责人: Alison Duvall
• 金额: $ 3.01万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719622&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Testing; erosion; signature; coseismic

The 14 November 2016 M 7.8 Kaikoura Earthquake in New Zealand triggered thousands of landslides, blocked major highways and destroyed rail system infrastructure, leaving 1000 residents and tourists trapped in the seaside town of Kaikoura. This event and the investigator's previous research and sampling in the region presents a rare opportunity to study erosion associated with widespread landslides that occur at the same time as major earthquakes. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project will examine the erosion associated with these landslides using modern geological techniques. It will enhance international collaboration between the US and New Zealand and involve three graduate students in the scientific research process. The project is led by an early career female investigator.This project will address the following questions of relevance to the geomorphology and geochronology communities: 1) What effect does coseismic landsliding have on detrital cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) derived basin wide erosion rates? and 2) What is the contribution of periodic but widespread coseismic landslides to erosional mass flux in tectonically active mountain belts such as the Kaikoura Ranges? The principal investigator and her team will address these questions by doing repeat detrital 10Be CRN measurements in six drainages shaken by the earthquake. These samples will be used to examine basin-wide erosion rates following extensive coseismic landsliding. Landsliding is predicted to complicate detrital CRN measurements of basin wide erosion rates. This study will circumvent this complication by constraining erosion rates before (with previously collected samples) and directly following a large earthquake (to be sampled this January 2017).

2016年11月14日，新西兰凯库拉7.8级地震引发了数千次山体滑坡，封锁了主要高速公路，摧毁了铁路系统基础设施，导致1000名居民和游客被困在海滨小镇凯库拉。这一事件和调查人员以前在该地区的研究和采样提供了一个难得的机会，研究与大地震同时发生的大面积山体滑坡相关的侵蚀。这个快速反应研究（RAPID）项目将使用现代地质技术研究与这些山体滑坡相关的侵蚀。它将加强美国和新西兰之间的国际合作，并让三名研究生参与科学研究过程。该项目由一位早期职业女性研究者领导，将解决以下与地貌学和地质年代学相关的问题：1）同震滑坡对碎屑宇宙成因放射性核素（CRN）衍生的流域侵蚀速率有什么影响？以及2）周期性但广泛的同震滑坡对构造活动山区（如凯库拉山脉）的侵蚀质量通量的贡献是什么？首席研究员和她的团队将通过在地震中摇晃的六个排水系统中重复进行碎屑10Be CRN测量来解决这些问题。这些样本将用于检查广泛的同震滑坡后全流域的侵蚀率。滑坡预测复杂的碎屑CRN测量流域范围内的侵蚀速率。这项研究将通过限制大地震之前（使用先前收集的样本）和之后（将于2017年1月采样）的侵蚀速率来避免这种复杂性。