Dissertation Research: Influences of Inorganic Sediment on Productivity in Lotic Ecosystems

论文研究：无机沉积物对生态系统生产力的影响

• 批准号: 9321549
• 负责人: John Gulliver
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-03-01 至 1997-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9321549&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Influences; Inorganic; Sediment

9321549 Gulliver Lotic ecosystems are composed of an array of biological communities known o be heavily impacted by sediment loads originating from mining, forestry, and agriculture. To date, few controlled experiments have been conducted in which whole ecosystems are manipulated for the purpose of examining variable sediment load effects on ecosystem functioning. %%% Using eight constructed channels, a collaborative investigation will study different sediment load impacts on fish populations, primary producers,, benthic invertebrates, and microorganisms. This part of the project will evaluate models of sediment effects on light regimes, free stream turbulence and nutrient fluxes, as well as models of primary producer response to these factors. A primary objective is to improve the accuracy of productivity measurements by using modified enclosures that simulate channel hydrodynamic characteristics. In addition, photosynthesis, stream productivity and benthic respiration will be measured in each channel using the following techniques, respectively: oxygen and 14C measurements; light/dark bottles and diel surveys; benthic respirometer and microelectrodes. %%% Evaluation of sediment impacts on the above environmental factors and more accurate measurements of productivity should elucidate the lotic criteria which can protect stream communities from deleterious land management practices.

9321549格列佛罗蒂克生态系统是由一系列已知的生物群落组成，它们受到采矿、林业和农业产生的沉积物负荷的严重影响。 到目前为止，很少有控制实验已经进行了整个生态系统的操作，以检查可变的泥沙负荷对生态系统功能的影响。 利用8条已建成的河道，进行一项合作调查，研究不同沉积物负荷对鱼类种群、初级生产者、底栖无脊椎动物和微生物的影响。 项目的这一部分将评价沉积物对光照状况、自由流湍流和养分通量的影响的模型，以及初级生产者对这些因素的反应模型。 一个主要目标是提高生产力测量的准确性，通过使用修改后的外壳，模拟通道的水动力特性。 此外，还将分别使用以下技术测量每条水道的光合作用、水流生产力和海底呼吸作用：氧气和14 C测量;明暗瓶和昼夜调查;海底呼吸计和微电极。 沉积物对上述环境因素的影响的评估和生产力的更准确的测量应该阐明的河流标准，可以保护流社区从有害的土地管理做法。