Modelling and Dynamic Simulation of Process Safety Systems

摘要-巴顿-9321863对过程安全的担忧、自动化技术的进步以及对排放到大气中的限制导致了在过程设备上安装越来越复杂的自动保护装置。这些设备使工厂能够通过一系列预先指定的操作来快速、准确地响应紧急情况，而不依赖于控制系统的性能或操作员的培训和反应。自动保护装置的范围从简单的机械装置，如浮子和阀门布置，到复杂的联锁功能，定义了几项设备之间的关系。在现代工厂中，这些设备通常统称为安全联锁系统(SIS)，该系统的职责还包括报警和跳闸。安装SIS是为了确保工厂的安全，而不是为了生产产品，它有两个功能：保护工厂不受设备故障的影响，以及防止更高级别的控制故障或操作员错误。这项研究将开发数学方法和软件工具，对工艺及其安全联锁系统进行详细的定量分析。它将重点加强通用动态模拟软件，以处理全面的模型，包括物理行为和安全联锁的细节。将开展以下几项工作：1.开发一种符号语言和用户界面，以便有效地建立安全联锁系统的模型。2.发展了一种新的算法，用于同时求解由物理化学现象派生的微分代数方程和由联锁系统派生的经典命题逻辑。3.在现代流程建模环境中实施这些改进，并通过行业合作者提供的一系列详细实例进行演示。

Abstract - Barton - 9321863 Concerns over process safety, advances in automation technology, and restrictions on venting to the atmosphere have resulted in the installation of increasingly sophisticated automatic protective devices on process equipment. These devices enable a plant to respond quickly and accurately to emergency situations with a series of prespecified actions, without relying on the performance of the control system, or the training and reactions of operators. Automatic protective devices range from simple mechanical devices such as a float and valve arrangement, to complicated interlock functions that define relationships amongst several items of equipment. In modern plants these devices are usually referred to collectively as the safety interlock system (SIS), and the responsibilities of this system also includes alarms and trips. The SIS is installed in order to keep the plant safe, not to produce a product, and has two functions: to protect the plant from equipment failures, and to protect against higher level control failures or operator errors. This research will develop mathematical methods and software tools for the detailed quantitative analysis of a process and its safety interlock system. It will focus on the enhancement of general purpose dynamic simulations software to cope with comprehensive models including details of both physical behavior and safety interlocks. Several tasks will be undertaken: 1. Development of a symbolic language and user interface that will facilitate the efficient construction of models for safety interlock systems. 2. Development of a novel algorithm for the simultaneous solution of the differential-algebraic equations derived from the physico-chemical phenomena, and the classical propositional logic derived from the interlock system. 3. Implementation of these advances in a modern process modeling environment and demonstration through a series of detailed examples furnished by industrial collaborators.