Oxygen Consumption, Denitrification, and Carbon Oxidation Rates In Near-Surface Sediments of the Arctic Ocean

9400058克里斯滕森研究由本补助金支持的是在北极系统科学（ARCSS）全球变化研究计划的主持下，由海洋科学司和极地计划办公室联合赞助。 该研究将围绕一个独特的和密集的，多学科的研究考察北冰洋的部分地区，从来没有被广泛研究。 1994年美国/加拿大北冰洋科是与加拿大的一项合作努力，将有大约60名科学家在1994年夏季乘坐一艘加拿大和一艘美国破冰船。 NSF资助的项目将侧重于水文学、生物学、古生物学和海冰研究。 收集的数据将是北冰洋几个地区有史以来的第一批数据，将有助于我们更好地了解北极如何成为全球气候变化的指标，以及它如何影响更温和的海洋和地区的物理，化学和生物特征。 这项工作是合作生物学计划的一个组成部分。 将进行研究，以确定沿着的沉积物中氧的消耗率和碳的氧化率。 沉积物的氧化速率据说与上覆表层沃茨中可用有机物的通量有关。 因此，它是初级生产和从边缘地区的碳和营养物质的可能运输的指标。 将采集一系列箱式和活塞式岩心，并将子样本提供给多名PI。 将对关键的地球化学溶质（氧、营养物、碱度、pH值、可溶性铁和锰、硫酸盐、氯化物、钙、镁、硫化物（如果存在））和固体成分（如孔隙率、表面积、有机碳和氮以及碳酸盐）进行测量。 取样地点包括大陆架、斜坡、深海平原和中海盆脊。 这些数据将用于评估沉积物-底层水通量，并估计耗氧率、酸化和碳氧化。 这些信息将使人们更好地了解北极和全球海洋的碳收支和氮收支。

9400058 Christensen Research supported by this grant is under the auspices of the Arctic Systems Science (ARCSS) Global Change Research Program and is jointly sponsored by the Division of Ocean Sciences and the Office of Polar Programs. The research will be centered around a unique and intensive, multidisciplinary research expedition to parts of the Arctic Ocean that have never been extensively studied. The 1994 U.S./Canada Arctic Ocean Section is a collaborative effort with Canada that will involve approximately 60 scientists on a Canadian and a U.S. icebreaker during summer 1994. NSF-funded projects will focus on hydrography, biology, paleo-, and sea-ice studies. Data collected will be amongst the first ever from several regions of the Arctic Ocean and will be highly relevant to improving our understanding of how the Arctic is an indicator of changing global climate conditions and how it affects the physical, chemical, and biological features of the more temperate oceans and regions. This work is a component of the collaborative biology program. Research will be undertaken to determine the rates of oxygen consumption and carbon oxidation in sediments along the cruise track. Sedimentary oxidation rates are said to relate to the flux of usable organic matter from overlying surface waters. Hence, it is an indicator of primary production and possible transport of carbon and nutrients from the marginal regions. A series of box and piston cores will be taken and sub-samples provided to a number of PIs. Measurements will be made of key biogeochemical solutes (oxygen, nutrients, alkalinity, pH, soluble iron and manganese, sulfate, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sulfide (if present)) and solid constituents such as porosity, surface area, organic carbon and nitrogen, and carbonate. Sites to be sampled include continental shelves, slopes, abyssal plains, and mid-basin ridges. The data will be used to evaluate sediment-bottom water fluxes and to estimate rates of oxygen consumption, denitri fication, and carbon oxidation. Information will provide a greater understanding of the carbon budget and nitrogen budget in the Arctic and global ocean.