Role of Biomass, Bioturbation, and Remineralization in Determining the Fate of Carbon in the Arctic Ocean

生物质、生物扰动和再矿化在决定北冰洋碳的命运中的作用

• 批准号: 9400092
• 负责人: William Ambrose
• 金额: $ 0.57万
• 依托单位: East Carolina University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-05-15 至 1995-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9400092&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Biomass; Bioturbation; Remineralization; Determining

9400092 Ambrose Research supported by this grant is under the auspices of the Arctic Systems Science (ARCSS) Global Change Research Program and is jointly sponsored by the Division of Ocean Sciences and the Office of Polar Programs. The research will be centered around a unique and intensive, multidisciplinary research expedition to parts of the Arctic Ocean that have never been extensively studied. The 1994 U.S./Canada Arctic Ocean Section is a collaborative effort with Canada that will involve approximately 60 scientists on a Canadian and a U.S. icebreaker during summer 1994. NSF-funded projects will focus on hydrography, biology, paleo-, and sea-ice studies. Data collected will be amongst the first ever from several regions of the Arctic Ocean and will be highly relevant to improving our understanding of how the Arctic is an indicator of changing global climate conditions and how it affects the physical, chemical, and biological features of the more temperate oceans and regions. This work is a component of the collaborative biology program. Work will be undertaken to examine the fate of organic matter reaching the seafloor and model cycling between the various carbon pools. The fate of carbon fixed in the Arctic Ocean is largely unknown, but it is surmised that a greater portion reaches the bottom than in other oceans. Low abundance and slow feeding rates of zooplankton, and reduced importance of the microbial loop, may explain why the majority of primary productivity falls to the benthos at high latitudes. Research will focus on some of the possible fates of carbon reaching the benthos by examining patterns of benthic biomass and rates of remineralization, irrigation, and particle mixing. Replicate box cores will be collected along the Section. Abundance and biomass of macro and meio-fauna and depth profiles of Eh and particulate carbon will be determined from these cores. Subcores will be incubated on-board to determine rates of remineralization and bioirrigation. Particle mixing rates will be determined directly from down-core 210Pb distribution and will be compared with mixing estimates obtained from carbon depth-profiles and bioirrigation rates. This study provide insights to the role of benthos in mediating geochemical processes and will provide a model of carbon cycling in Arctic sediments which can be used to make predictions of the consequences of global warming. ***

9400092 Ambrose研究由该赠款支持，是在北极系统科学（ARCSS）全球变化研究计划的主持下，由海洋科学司和极地计划办公室联合赞助。 该研究将围绕一个独特的和密集的，多学科的研究考察北冰洋的部分地区，从来没有被广泛研究。 1994年美国/加拿大北冰洋科是与加拿大的一项合作努力，将有大约60名科学家在1994年夏季乘坐一艘加拿大和一艘美国破冰船。 NSF资助的项目将侧重于水文学、生物学、古生物学和海冰研究。 收集的数据将是北冰洋几个地区有史以来的第一批数据，将有助于我们更好地了解北极如何成为全球气候变化的指标，以及它如何影响更温和的海洋和地区的物理，化学和生物特征。 这项工作是合作生物学计划的一个组成部分。 将开展工作，研究到达海底的有机物质的命运，并建立各种碳库之间循环的模型。 固定在北冰洋的碳的命运在很大程度上是未知的，但据推测，比其他海洋更大的部分到达底部。 浮游动物丰度低、摄食速度慢，以及微生物循环的重要性降低，可以解释为什么在高纬度地区，初级生产力的大部分福尔斯都流向了底栖生物。 研究将侧重于碳到达底栖生物的一些可能命运，方法是检查底栖生物量的模式以及矿化、灌溉和颗粒混合的速度。 将沿该部分沿着收集重复的箱式岩芯。 将从这些岩心中确定大型和小型动物的丰度和生物量以及Eh和颗粒碳的深度剖面。 将在船上孵育亚核心，以确定矿化和生物冲洗的速率。 颗粒混合率将直接从下芯210 Pb分布确定，并将与从碳深度剖面和生物灌溉率获得的混合估计值进行比较。 这项研究为底栖生物在介导地球化学过程中的作用提供了见解，并将提供一个北极沉积物中碳循环的模型，可用于预测全球变暖的后果。 ***