Studies on the Chemistry of Platinum Group Element Complexes and Applications to Catalysis

铂族元素配合物的化学研究及其催化应用

• 批准号: 9404991
• 负责人: Richard Eisenberg
• 金额: $ 46.1万
• 依托单位: University of Rochester
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-07-15 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9404991&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Chemistry; Platinum; Group; Element

This project, in the Inorganic, Bioinorganic, and Organometallic Chemistry Program, involves the study of several aspects of platinum group chemistry as related to catalysis of organic reactions. Specific areas to be pursued include 1) further examination of the use of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) as an NMR probe of reaction mechanisms in hydrogenation reactions, 2) activation of organic molecules by reaction with cationic and odd electron rhodium and iridium species, and 3) reactions of rhodium and iridium complexes in water and as part of dendrimeric structures; the former has implications for environmentally friendly technologies whereas the latter may provide a means of substrate discrimination and therefore selectivity. For the aqueous solution work, the ligands to be used will impart water solubility to the metal complexes. The majority of industrial manufacturing processes use some type of catalyst, which serves to increase reactions rates and, therefore, increase throughput with lower energy costs, and frequently to alter product selectivity. New catalysts and improved catalytic processes require both exploratory studies of possible new catalysts and the better mechanistic understanding of existing catalysts. In addition, more environmentally acceptable processes may result if existing catalytic systems that operate in organic solvents can be converted to aqueous solution processes. This project has objectives in all three of these areas.

这个项目，在无机，生物无机和有机化学计划，涉及铂族化学的几个方面的研究有关的有机反应的催化。 具体的研究领域包括：1）进一步研究仲氢激发极化（PHIP）作为氢化反应中反应机理的NMR探针的应用，2）通过与阳离子和奇电子铑和铱物质反应活化有机分子，和3）铑和铱络合物在水中和作为树枝状结构的一部分的反应;前者对环境友好的技术有影响，而后者可能提供底物区分的手段，从而提供选择性。 对于水溶液工作，所使用的配体将赋予金属络合物水溶性。 大多数工业制造工艺使用某种类型的催化剂，其用于增加反应速率，并因此以较低的能量成本增加产量，并且经常改变产物选择性。 新的催化剂和改进的催化工艺既需要对可能的新催化剂进行探索性研究，也需要对现有催化剂进行更好的机理理解。 此外，如果可以将在有机溶剂中操作的现有催化体系转化为水溶液方法，则可以产生更环境可接受的方法。 该项目在所有这三个领域都有目标。