Physiology of Somatostatin

[406707]谢里丹众所周知，胰腺分泌激素，调节新陈代谢、发育和生长等关键过程。最著名的胰腺激素是胰岛素和胰高血糖素。最近的研究表明存在多种形式的生长抑素，这是一种肽激素，最初从大脑中分离出来，发现可以抑制脑垂体释放生长激素，但后来发现在许多动物的胰腺、胃肠道和其他地方都存在生长抑素。多种形式的生长抑素的特殊意义以及这些因子在代谢、生长和发育的协调方面所起的作用仍有待确定。在这个项目中，Sheridan博士将评估生长抑素如何直接和/或间接（通过与其他胰腺因子如胰岛素的相互作用）影响鱼类的脂质代谢。具体来说，他将确定生长抑素在哪些组织中以及通过哪些特定的细胞过程影响脂肪的吸收和分解。此外，他将区分两种胰腺生长抑素形式的作用（它们的共存是鱼类所特有的）。这些结果将有助于全面了解代谢是如何调节的，并为生长抑素作用的进化提供重要的见解。＊＊＊

9406707 Sheridan It is well known that the pancreas produces hormones that regulate such critical processes as metabolism, development, and growth. The best known pancreatic hormones are insulin and glucagon. Recent studies have shown the existence of multiple forms of somatostatin, a peptide hormone originally isolated from the brain and found to inhibit growth hormone release from the pituitary gland, but subsequently found to be located in the pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and elsewhere of many animals. The special significance of the multiple forms of somatostatin and the roles these factors play in coordinating aspects of metabolism, growth, and development remain to be determined. With this project, Dr. Sheridan will evaluate how somatostatin influences, directly and/or indirectly (via interactions with other pancreatic factors such as insulin), lipid metabolism in fish. Specifically, he will determine in what tissues and through what specific cellular processes somatostatin influences fat uptake and breakdown. In addition, he will distinguish the actions of two pancreatic somatostatin forms (the co- existence of which is unique to fish). These results will contribute significantly to the overall understanding of how metabolism is regulated and provide important insight into the evolution of somatostatin action. ***