SGER: The Interactions of Nitrogen Eutrophication and Fire on Invasive Annuals in California Coastal Sage Shrublands

SGER:氮富营养化和火灾对加州沿海鼠尾草灌木丛入侵一年生植物的相互作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    9408079
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    1994-03-01 至 1996-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

9408079 Allen Exotic annuals have been invading southern California shrublands at increasing rates over the past 40-50 years. A number of factors may be responsible for the invasion, including fore, anthropogenic nitrogen deposition, soil disturbance, grazing, and fragmentation. Of these potential causes, N deposition has received no attention, and the effects of frequent fire are just beginning to be realized. Southern California shrublands are subject to aerial N deposition rates as high rates as high as 30 kg/ha/yr, with lower rates at a distance from agricultural and urbanized areas. Many of the colonizing annuals are probably nitrophilous, e.g., they have high rates of growth with added N. By contrast, we hypothesize that the native shrubs have relatively little response to increased N. Fire alone can explain the increased weediness and decrease in shrub cover in some sites, but areas that have not been burned in 30-40 years have and increase in exotics. These include primarily annual grasses in the genera Bromus, Hordeum, and Avena. The native vegetation that is most subject to weed invasion is the coastal sage scrub, a type that is limited in extent, is threatened by urbanization, and harbors a number of sensitive species. %%% Our objective is to examine the interaction between fire and nitrogen deposition on plant growth. We request funding through the SGER Program to take advantage of the recent fires in California. We have located two sites that were burned in November, one with high and one with low N deposition. We propose to set up a factorial experiment at each site, with burned and unburned vs. fertilized and unfertilized plots. We hypothesize that annual grass growth will be increased more than shrub growth after N fertilization, and that fire hastens the conversion from native shrubland to annual grassland. This research has important implications for the conservation of coastal sage shrub. A reduction in the fire cycle will be important to prevent a rapid conv ersion to weedy annuals, but we may also recommend a reduction in anthropogenic N deposition.
在过去的40-50年里,艾伦外来的一年生植物以越来越快的速度入侵了加州南部的灌木丛。 一些因素可能是负责的入侵,包括前,人为氮沉降,土壤扰动,放牧和破碎。 在这些潜在的原因中,氮沉积没有得到关注,频繁的火灾的影响才刚刚开始被认识到。 南加州灌木地的空气氮沉降率高达30公斤/公顷/年,与农业和城市化地区的距离较低的利率。 许多定居的一年生植物可能是喜氮的,例如,随着氮的增加,它们的生长速度也很高。 相比之下,我们假设,本地灌木有相对较小的响应增加N。火灾本身就可以解释一些地方杂草增加和灌木覆盖减少的原因,但在30-40年没有被烧毁的地区,外来物种增加。 主要包括雀麦属、大麦属和燕麦属的一年生禾本科植物。 最容易受到杂草入侵的原生植被是沿海鼠尾草灌木丛,这是一种范围有限的类型,受到城市化的威胁,并拥有一些敏感的物种。 我们的目标是研究火灾和氮沉降对植物生长的相互作用。 我们通过SGER计划申请资金,以利用加州最近的火灾。 我们已经找到了两个网站,在11月被烧毁,一个高,一个低N沉积。 我们建议在每个站点设置一个析因实验,燃烧和未燃烧与施肥和未施肥的地块。 我们假设,一年生草的生长将增加更多的灌木生长后,氮施肥,火加速转换从原生灌木林到一年生草地。 该研究对沿海鼠尾草灌丛的保护具有重要意义。 减少火灾周期将是重要的,以防止迅速转换为杂草一年生植物,但我们也可能建议减少人为N沉积。

项目成果

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Edith Allen其他文献

The Relationship Between Periodontitis and Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
牙周炎与 2 型糖尿病血糖控制之间的关系
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2010
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Edith Allen;Iain L C Chapple
  • 通讯作者:
    Iain L C Chapple

Edith Allen的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Edith Allen', 18)}}的其他基金

DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Do tradeoffs between water use efficiency and growth explain plant community response to nitrogen deposition?
论文研究:水分利用效率和生长之间的权衡是否可以解释植物群落对氮沉降的反应?
  • 批准号:
    1501110
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Determining the source of atmospheric nitrogen through the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes in passively collected dry deposition
论文研究:通过分析被动收集的干沉积物中的氮和氧同位素来确定大气氮的来源
  • 批准号:
    1110832
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Thresholds of Vegetation Change Following N Deposition in Southern California Ecosystems
南加州生态系统氮沉积后植被变化的阈值
  • 批准号:
    0421530
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Post-Fire Hydrology, Biogeochemistry, and Vegetation Response
火灾后水文、生物地球化学和植被响应
  • 批准号:
    0327071
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CRB: Restoring Seasonal Tropical Forests in Mexico: Using Designer Communities to Direct Succession
CRB:恢复墨西哥季节性热带森林:利用设计师社区指导继承
  • 批准号:
    9981607
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Cross-Site: Collaborative Research: Mycorrhizal Responses to Nitrogen Eutrophication at Five Mesic to Semiarid Sites
跨站点:合作研究:五个中等到半干旱地区菌根对氮富营养化的反应
  • 批准号:
    9526564
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CRB: Restoration of Plants and Mycorrhizae in Mexico Seasonal Tropical Forest
CRB:墨西哥季节性热带森林植物和菌根的恢复
  • 批准号:
    9622352
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CRB: Workshop on Developing the Conceptual Basis for Restoration Biology, to be held in Santa Barbara on April 19-21, 1996
CRB:关于开发恢复生物学概念基础的研讨会,将于 1996 年 4 月 19-21 日在圣巴巴拉举行
  • 批准号:
    9628763
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Patch Formation and Mycorrhizal Colonization During Succession on Glacial Till
合作研究:冰川耕种演替过程中的斑块形成和菌根定植
  • 批准号:
    9496046
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Dissertation Research: Rhizosheath Formation and Hydraulic Lift in Indian Ricegrass: Rhizosphere Composition and Nitrogen Fixation
论文研究:印度稻草的根鞘形成和水力提升:根际组成和固氮
  • 批准号:
    9212824
  • 财政年份:
    1992
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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微生物-矿物质相互作用会影响氮循环动力学吗?
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