Discovery, Photometry, and Spectroscopy of Supernovae

菲利彭科9417213这项研究代表了一项集中努力，以确定前身恒星的性质，爆炸机制，以及不同类型超新星的核合成产物。这些结果将对星系的化学演化、脉冲星的诞生速度和宇宙学等不同的主题产生广泛的影响。采用的方法主要是观察性的，再加上理论建模。勒施内尔天文台的自动成像望远镜将在附近星系中大力搜索新的超新星，从而延长一年多前开始的努力。利克天文台的第二台机器人望远镜将获得所有足够明亮的超新星的多色长期光曲线。为了研究超新星的时间演化和统计特性，还将利用最先进的设备获得高质量的光谱。对数据的彻底分析应导致制定更完整的分类方案，重点放在基本参数上。除了提供对它们的起源和物理特征的更深层次的洞察外，对附近超新星观测到的属性的定量评估应该会提高超新星在宇宙学距离确定方面的潜力。新启用的凯克10米望远镜将用于获取非常遥远的超新星的光谱，试图测量宇宙的膨胀率和整体曲率。***

Filippenko 9417213 This research represents a concentrated effort to determine the nature of the progenitor stars, the explosion mechanisms, and the nucleosynthetic products of different types of supernovae. The results will have broad implications for topics as diverse as the chemical evolution of galaxies, the birthrate of pulsars, and cosmology. The adopted approach is largely observational, coupled with theoretical modeling. A vigorous search for new supernovae in nearby galaxies will be conducted with an automated imaging telescope at Leuschner Observatory, thereby extending an effort that began over a year ago. Multi-color, long-term light curves of all sufficiently bright supernovae will be obtained with a second robotic telescope at Lick Observatory. High-quality optical spectra will also be obtained with state-of-the-art equipment in order to study the temporal evolution and statistical properties of supernovae. Thorough analysis of the data should lead to the development of a more complete classification scheme that focuses on fundamental parameters. Besides providing deeper insights into their origins and physical characteristics, quantitative assessment of the observed properties of nearby supernovae should improve the potential of supernovae for cosmological distance determinations. The newly commissioned Keck 10-meter telescope will be used to obtain spectra of very distant supernovae, in an attempt to measure the expansion rate and overall curvature of the Universe. ***