The Lick Observatory Supernova Search, and Detailed Studies of Nearby Supernovae

超新星（SN）代表了某些类型恒星演化的最后爆发阶段，因为它们影响了从恒星形成到宇宙射线的广泛其他现象，它们显然是宇宙中最有趣和最重要的组成部分之一。这个项目将继续一个强大而富有成效的团队的努力，努力提高对SN祖先恒星，爆炸机制和核合成产物的理解，主要通过观测，但通过非正式合作进行一些理论建模。这些结果将对各种各样的主题产生广泛的影响，如星系的化学演化、脉冲星的诞生率、黑洞的质量、伽马射线暴的本质和宇宙学。世界上最成功的对邻近星系超新星的搜索将继续进行，使用利克天文台的机器人成像望远镜（KAIT），使人们能够特别关注通常被忽视的超新星发展的早期阶段。光谱偏振法将首次应用于大量SN，揭示SN的形状和内部结构。通过PI非常广泛的流行文章和讲座，其结果将达到广泛和不同的受众。PI将继续通过广播、电视、报纸和杂志采访、教育视频和电视纪录片等方式，模范地致力于公众宣传。他的天文学入门课程、视频版本（完整的The Teaching Company）和他合著的教科书也将更新。期待看到研究生、本科生和越来越多的高中生继续大量参与这项令人兴奋的前沿研究，并得到普遍代表性不足的群体成员的大力参与。

AST-0307894FilippenkoSupernovae (SN) represent the final, explosive stage in the evolution of certain varieties of stars, and because they influence a wide range of other phenomena from star formation to cosmic rays, they are clearly among the most interesting and important constituents of the Universe. This project will continue the efforts of a strong and productive team, working to improve the understanding of SN progenitor stars, explosion mechanisms, and nucleosynthetic products, mostly via observations, but with some theoretical modeling via informal collaborations. The results will have broad implications for topics as diverse as the chemical evolution of galaxies, the birthrate of pulsars, the masses of black holes, the nature of gamma-ray bursts, and cosmology. The world's most successful search for supernovae in nearby galaxies will continue, using the robotic imaging telescope (KAIT) at Lick Observatory, enabling special attention to be paid to the generally neglected, very early stages of SN development. Spectropolarimetry will for the first time be applied to a large number of SN, revealing shapes and internal structures.The results will reach a broad and diverse audience through the PI's very extensive popular articles and lectures. The PI will continue his exemplary commitment to public outreach through radio, television, newspaper and magazine interviews, and educational videos and TV documentaries. There will also be updates of his introductory astronomy course, its video version (thorough The Teaching Company), and his co-authored textbook. Expect to see continued heavy involvement of graduate, undergraduate, and increasingly high school, students in this exciting, forefront research, with significant participation by members of generally under-represented groups.