Finite Element Models for Lithospheric Deformation in Collisional Orogens

碰撞造山带岩石圈变形的有限元模型

• 批准号: 9417766
• 负责人: Sean Willett
• 金额: $ 11万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-05-01 至 1999-03-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9417766&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Finite; Element; Models; Lithospheric; Deformation

Willet 9417766 Relative convergende between lithospheric plates cannot be described by the simple kinetic rules of plane tectonics. Convergence leads inevitably to deformation of one or both plates. In the case of continental collision, convergence produces dramatic deformation with attendant uplift, erosion, mountain building and high relief. This most spectacular of the Earth's tectonic processes is the cause of much of the Earth's conctinental geology throught eh formation fo continents by successive collisions and mechanical accretion, but also important are the impacts of cllisional orogenesis on the ancient and modern atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere. Mountain building processes affect global atmospheric circulation patterns and hence global climate, but climate also affects mountain building through its effeciency in eroding excess topography. Understanding and modeling the coupling and feedback between the lithospheric and atmospheric systems is one of the goals of the Earth Systems Evolution program of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research of which this project is a part. This project focuses on the lithospheric mechanical process component of the Earth system by numerical modeling of lithosoheric deformation and comparison to geological (surface) and geophysical (subsurface) observations in orogenic belts. ****

Willet 9417766岩石圈板块之间的相对会聚不能用平面构造的简单动力学规则来描述。 会聚不可避免地导致一个或两个板块的变形。 在大陆碰撞的情况下，会聚产生剧烈的变形，伴随着隆升、侵蚀、造山和高起伏。 这是地球构造过程中最壮观的一次，它是地球大陆地质学的主要原因--通过连续的碰撞和机械加积形成大陆，但碰撞造山作用对古代和现代大气圈、生物圈和水圈的影响也很重要。 造山过程影响全球大气环流模式，从而影响全球气候，但气候也通过其侵蚀多余地形的效率影响造山。 了解岩石圈和大气系统之间的耦合和反馈并建立模型是加拿大高级研究所地球系统演变方案的目标之一，本项目是该方案的一部分。 该项目的重点是通过岩石圈变形的数值模拟以及与造山带地质（地表）和地球物理（地下）观测的比较，研究地球系统的岩石圈力学过程组成部分。 ****