Computational Human Finite Element Models in Trauma Biomechanics for Enhanced Safety and Injury Prevention

在加拿大和全世界，意外伤害是可预防的住院和死亡的主要原因(加拿大的《2025年道路安全战略》)。世界卫生组织估计，全球每年有120万人死于道路交通事故，多达5000万人受伤。撞车造成的伤害被认为是可以预防的，加拿大交通部已承诺减少道路交通死亡人数。美国国家公路交通安全管理局(NHTSA)已经确定，能够预测伤害的计算机模型和人体模型(HBM)的重要性是提高安全性的关键生物力学优先事项。然而，目前的知识差距包括损伤预测能力、活动肌肉的结合以及性别/身高/年龄对损伤结果的影响。 拟议的项目与全球汽车行业致力于人体模型开发和验证的努力相结合，并将加拿大的主要车辆制造商聚集在一起，以增强现有的男性和女性颈部模型，以便在复杂加载场景下在组织层面进行伤害预测。至关重要的是加强这些模型以解决脊髓损伤、活跃的肌肉组织以及开发新的老年颈部模型以解决高危人群的问题。由此产生的新知识将为全球研究界提供预测伤害的有效方法，旨在减少碰撞导致的伤害，使所有加拿大人受益，并支持加拿大交通部减少道路交通死亡和严重伤害的目标。

Accidental injury is a leading cause of preventable hospitalization and fatality in Canada and throughout the world (Canada's Road Safety Strategy 2025). The World Health Organization estimates 1.2 million fatalities and up to 50 million injuries per year, globally, resulting from road traffic accidents. Crash Induced Injuries are recognized as preventable and Transport Canada has committed to reducing the number of road traffic fatalities. The US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has identified the importance of computer models and Human Body Models (HBM) capable of predicting injury as a vital biomechanics priority to improve safety. However, gaps in current knowledge include injury prediction capabilities, incorporation of active musculature, and gender/stature/age effects on injury outcome. The proposed project integrates with a global automotive industry effort dedicated to the development and validation of human body models, and brings together major vehicle manufacturers in Canada to enhance existing male and female neck models for injury prediction at the tissue level for complex loading scenarios. Of critical importance is enhancement of these models to address spinal cord injury, active musculature, and the development of novel aged neck models to address an at-risk population. The resulting new knowledge will provide the global research community with validated methods for predicting injury, aiming to reduce crash induced injuries to benefit all Canadians and support Transport Canada's goal to reduce road traffic fatalities and serious injuries.