Collaborative Research (GRGC) Holocene Lacustrine Records of Decade-to-Century-Scale Variations in Monsoon Precipitation, Northwestern India

印度西北部季风降水十年至百年尺度变化的合作研究（GRGC）全新世湖泊记录

• 批准号: 9417896
• 负责人: Victor Baker
• 金额: $ 15.04万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-02-01 至 1998-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9417896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; GRGC; Holocene; Lacustrine

Baker 9417896 The principal objective of this project is to document and understand decade- to century-scale paleoclimatic variations in the monsoon region of northwestern India, using detailed sedimentary records from three lake in northwestern India. The finely- laminated sediments in these lakes preserve an exceptional record of high-resolution lake-level variations over the last 10,000 to 13,000 years, possibly the most complete and detailed Holocene paleoclimatic record within the Indian Monsoon region. The lakes lie in the arid/semiarid Thar Desert at the boundary of the region dominated by summer monsoon rainfall (Singh et al., 1990), and are thus particularly sensitive to fluctuations in the strength of the monsoon. Analysis of these lacustrine records will address how the decadal-scale variations in the monsoon respond to longer-term shifts in the monsoon paleoclimate, providing a high-resolution record that covers a sufficiently long time scale to fully capture the natural range of variability in the monsoon system, information that is essential for understanding near-term future climatic variations in the monsoon region. This is a collaborative project between researchers at Central Washington University and the of University of Arizona (see accompanying proposal). The methodology involves reconstructing decade- to century-scale changes in lake levels, salinity, and sediment influx in three shallow, closed-basin lakes through a combination of (1) detailed stratigraphy and sedimentology of finely laminated sediments, (2) evaporite and clay mineralogy, and (3) radiocarbon dating. Potential application of microfauna, trace elements, stable isotopes and pollen toward this problem will be explored and tested, but will not be a main focus of the study. These data, along with modern data on precipitation, water-table elevations , evaporation, and temperature, will be used to construct hydrological lake-budget models and quantify th e changes in hydrologic and climatic parameters necessary to produce the lake fluctuations. The analyses will concentrate on the high-resolution variations preserved in the primary stratigraphy during extended periods of high, low , and transitional lake-level conditions. We will emphasize specific periods of interest, including (a) internals of high variability and changing conditions, such as wet-dry transitions, (b) short-lived, shallow lakes in the late Holocene that reflect minor climatic fluctuations and/or extreme events in the last 4000 years and (c) periods of particularly high (e.g. 4000-6000 BP) or low lake levels. Analysis of the high- resolution paleohydrological variations will add a new dimension to broader-scale reconstructions of Holocene paleoclimates in monsoonal regions of India, Asia and Africa.

贝克 9417896 该项目的主要目标是利用印度西北部三个湖泊的详细沉积记录，记录和了解印度西北部季风区十年至百年尺度的古气候变化。 这些湖泊中的精细层状沉积物保存了过去10，000至13，000年间高分辨率湖平面变化的特殊记录，可能是印度季风区最完整和详细的全新世古气候记录。 湖泊 位于干旱/半干旱的塔尔沙漠，在夏季季风降雨占主导地位的地区的边界（Singh等人，1990年），因此对季风强度的波动特别敏感。 对这些湖相记录的分析将解决 季风的十年尺度变化如何对季风古气候的长期变化作出反应，提供涵盖足够长时间尺度的高分辨率记录，以充分掌握季风系统自然变化范围，这些信息对于了解季风区近期未来气候变化至关重要。 这是中央华盛顿大学和亚利桑那大学的研究人员之间的一个合作项目（见随附的建议）。 该方法包括重建湖泊水位，盐度和沉积物流入的十年至百年尺度的变化，在三个浅，封闭的盆地湖泊通过（1）详细的地层学和沉积学的精细层状沉积物，（2）蒸发岩和粘土矿物学，（3）放射性碳测年相结合。 微型动物，微量元素，稳定同位素和花粉对这个问题的潜在应用将进行探索和测试，但不会是研究的主要重点。 这些数据以及有关降水量、地下水位、蒸发量和温度的现代数据将沿着用于构建水文湖泊预算模型并量化这些变化 在水文和气候参数必要的生产湖泊波动。 分析将集中在高，低，过渡湖水位条件下的延长期内保留在主要地层的高分辨率变化。 我们将强调感兴趣的特定时期，包括（a）高变异性和不断变化的条件，如干湿转换的内部结构，（B）反映过去4000年轻微气候波动和/或极端事件的全新世晚期短命浅水湖泊，以及（c）特别高（例如4000-6000 BP）或低湖水位的时期。 高分辨率的古水文变化分析将为印度、亚洲和非洲季风区全新世古气候的更大范围重建增加一个新的维度。