Paleoflood Hydrology

古洪水水文学

• 批准号: 9305252
• 负责人: Victor Baker
• 金额: $ 22万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-15 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9305252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Paleoflood; Hydrology

Paleoflood hydrology is a technique that combines elements of geology and surface water hydrology to reconstruct magnitude- frequency characteristics of floods that occurred prior to direct measurement or systematic observation. Slackwater deposit- paleostage indicator (SWD-PSI) paleoflood studies use specific evidence of flooding to define paleoflood levels in stable (bedrock-controlled) channel environments and use hydraulic modeling and geochronological methods to reconstruct the magnitude and frequency of individual flood events. Regional SWD-PSI studies provide data that are indispensable in relating spatial and temporal variations in flood frequency to global-scale variations in climatic conditions over long time period (1000s of years). We are proposing to establish a systematic method for incorporating paleoflood data into a hydroclimatological context to aid in understanding fundamental linkages between global climate and regional flood frequency. This method will rely on detailed analysis of observed hydroclimatic data sets to develop a scale- sensitive, circulation-based conceptual framework for use in assessing hydroclimatic variability over time scales represented by paleoflood records. In the course of development, we plan to use this method to address the flood-climate linkage in areas particularly sensitive to climatic variations. The methods will also be used in a continuation of research on the relationship between the regional paleoflood characteristics of Arizona and global climatic variations over the past 5000 years. Our work in southern Arizona will focus on small drainage basins(25km2) to augment previous studies in the region that have focused on considerably larger basins subject to flooding from different hydroclimatologic mechanisms. The results of our proposed research will offer important new insights into the response of extreme events to climatic variation and may have important implications for future changes in global climate.

古水文学是一种结合了 地质学和地表水水文学来重建震级- 洪水频率特征 测量或系统观察。 静水存款- paleostage indicator（SWD-PSI）古植被研究使用特定的 洪水的证据，以确定稳定的古植被水平 （压控）通道环境，并使用液压 利用建模和地质年代学方法重建震级 和个别洪水事件的频率。 区域社会福利署-PSI研究 提供在空间和 洪水频率的时间变化对全球尺度变化的影响 在长期的气候条件下（1000年）。 我们 建议建立一个系统的方法， 将古气候数据纳入水文气候背景， 理解全球气候变化与 区域洪水频率 这种方法将依赖于详细的 分析观测到的水文气候数据集，以制定一个尺度- 敏感的，基于循环的概念框架，用于 评估不同时间尺度的水文气候变化， 古森林记录 在开发过程中，我们计划使用 这种方法可以解决洪水与气候之间的联系， 对气候变化特别敏感。 述方法将 也可用于继续研究 亚利桑那州的区域古森林特征和 过去5000年的全球气候变化。 我们搞好 亚利桑那州南部将集中在小流域（25平方公里）， 加强该地区以往的研究，重点是 相当大的盆地， 水文气候机制 我们的研究结果 将提供重要的新见解， 气候变化，可能有重要的影响 未来全球气候的变化。