Yeoman No More: The Industrialization of American Agriculture

自耕农不再：美国农业的工业化

• 批准号: 9421624
• 负责人: Deborah Fitzgerald
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fixed Price Award
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9421624&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Yeoman; No; More; Industrialization; American

Professor Fitzgerald is continuing her work that seeks to locate the scientific and technological transformations in American agriculture within the broader framework of industrialization. Research so far indicates that agricultural innovations were a direct response to both the severe agricultural depression and the emergence of agricultural engi neers and economists as new professional groups, both of whom brought to agriculture the views of urban engineers and economists. In the 1920s one can see a series of attempts to model agricultural practice on manufacturing practice, in both material and ideological terms. Topics in this project include the emergence of agricultural experts in economics and engineering; the creation of an ethos of agricultural efficiency and abundance; the mechanization of agriculture; the trend toward large-scale, "factory" farming; a case study of such a farm; and the role of collectivization as a model for large-scale farms. Thi s project seeks to offer both a more interpretive account of agricultural change in America and a new set of cultural and intellectual benchmarks for the scientific and engineering practitioners of the past, whose material reshaping of our culture has been so pronounced.

菲茨杰拉德教授正在继续她的工作，试图在更广泛的工业化框架内定位美国农业的科学和技术变革。到目前为止的研究表明，农业创新既是对严重的农业萧条的直接回应，也是对农业工程师和经济学家作为新的专业群体的出现的直接回应，这两个群体都将城市工程师和经济学家的观点带到了农业中。在20世纪20年代，人们可以看到一系列以制造业实践为模型的农业实践的尝试，无论是在物质上还是在思想上。该项目的主题包括经济学和工程学方面的农业专家的涌现；农业高效和丰饶的风气的创造；农业机械化；大规模“工厂化”农业的趋势；这样一个农场的案例研究；以及集团化作为大型农场的典范的作用。S项目旨在为过去的科学和工程从业者提供一套新的文化和智力基准，同时也为他们提供了对美国农业变化更具解释性的描述，他们对我们的文化进行了如此显著的物质重塑。