Geographic Clustering of the Pharmareutical Industry in Mid Atlantic US

美国大西洋中部制药业的地理集群

• 批准号: 9422485
• 负责人: Maryann Feldman
• 金额: $ 10.58万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-03-15 至 1997-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9422485&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geographic; Clustering; Pharmareutical; Industry; Mid

SBR-9422485 FELDMAN In recent years there has been much popular and academic reporting of new forms of organization of manufacturing activity. Empirical and theoretical interest has focused on spatially concentrated clusters of companies which operate in highly competitive, technology-intensive industries. The role of inter-firm linkages, local labor markets, local socialization, and forms of public and quasi-public governance have received attention, in North American, European, and East Asian contexts. This collaborative research project (with SBR-9504088; Schreuder, PI) uses historical, economic, and geographic approaches to a technology-intensive industry and region that has received relatively little attention: the pharmaceutical industry in the Philadelphia-to-New York City corridor from the early-19th through mid-20th centuries. The main goal of the research is to understand the circumstances, resources, and linkages that enabled pharmaceutical firms in the Mid-Atlantic region to find competitive advantage and to adapt, survive, and grow. The research is novel in its broad historical perspective and methods, explicitly complementing the many recent studies of current industrial clusters. The historical perspective allows study of the development of social and institutional relationships, and of the ways in which these evolving relationships influenced the market structure, technology, and geography of the industry. Company histories, labor-market studies, and patterns of supplier and market linkages provide the source material for constructing the overall explanation of the development of this industry in this region. The results of the study should add to the academic debate over the formation and operation of industrial clusters, and should inform the national and local policy debates over influences on industrial competitiveness.

费尔德曼：近年来，关于制造活动的新组织形式的流行和学术报道很多。经验和理论的兴趣集中在空间上集中的公司集群，这些公司在高度竞争的技术密集型产业中运作。在北美、欧洲和东亚的背景下，企业间联系、当地劳动力市场、当地社会化以及公共和准公共治理形式的作用受到了关注。这个合作研究项目（与SBR-9504088； Schreuder， PI）使用历史、经济和地理方法来研究一个相对较少受到关注的技术密集型产业和地区：19世纪初至20世纪中期费城至纽约城市走廊的制药业。本研究的主要目标是了解使中大西洋地区的制药公司能够找到竞争优势并适应、生存和发展的环境、资源和联系。该研究的新颖之处在于其广阔的历史视角和方法，明确补充了当前许多产业集群的最新研究。从历史的角度来看，可以研究社会和制度关系的发展，以及这些不断发展的关系如何影响该行业的市场结构、技术和地理。公司历史、劳动力市场研究以及供应商和市场联系模式为构建该地区该行业发展的整体解释提供了原始材料。本研究的结果应有助于对产业集群形成和运行的学术讨论，并应为国家和地方关于产业竞争力影响的政策辩论提供信息。