Geographic Clustering of the Pharmareutical Industry in Mid Atlantic US

SBR-9422485 FELDMAN 近年来，有许多关于制造活动新组织形式的流行和学术报道。 经验和理论的兴趣集中在空间集中的公司集群，在高度竞争，技术密集型产业。 在北美、欧洲和东亚的背景下，公司间联系、当地劳动力市场、当地社会化以及公共和准公共治理形式的作用受到了关注。 这个合作研究项目（与SBR-9504088; Schreuder，PI）使用历史，经济和地理的方法，以技术密集型产业和地区，已收到相对较少的关注：制药行业在费城到纽约市走廊从19世纪初到20世纪中期。 研究的主要目标是了解的情况下，资源和联系，使制药公司在大西洋中部地区找到竞争优势，适应，生存和发展。 该研究在其广阔的历史视角和方法上具有新颖性，明确补充了当前产业集群的许多最新研究。 历史的视角允许研究社会和制度关系的发展，以及这些不断发展的关系影响市场结构，技术和行业地理的方式。 公司的历史，劳动力市场的研究，供应商和市场联系的模式提供了源材料，构建该行业在该地区的发展的整体解释。 研究结果应有助于学术界对产业集群的形成和运作进行辩论，并应有助于国家和地方对产业竞争力的影响进行政策辩论。

SBR-9422485 FELDMAN In recent years there has been much popular and academic reporting of new forms of organization of manufacturing activity. Empirical and theoretical interest has focused on spatially concentrated clusters of companies which operate in highly competitive, technology-intensive industries. The role of inter-firm linkages, local labor markets, local socialization, and forms of public and quasi-public governance have received attention, in North American, European, and East Asian contexts. This collaborative research project (with SBR-9504088; Schreuder, PI) uses historical, economic, and geographic approaches to a technology-intensive industry and region that has received relatively little attention: the pharmaceutical industry in the Philadelphia-to-New York City corridor from the early-19th through mid-20th centuries. The main goal of the research is to understand the circumstances, resources, and linkages that enabled pharmaceutical firms in the Mid-Atlantic region to find competitive advantage and to adapt, survive, and grow. The research is novel in its broad historical perspective and methods, explicitly complementing the many recent studies of current industrial clusters. The historical perspective allows study of the development of social and institutional relationships, and of the ways in which these evolving relationships influenced the market structure, technology, and geography of the industry. Company histories, labor-market studies, and patterns of supplier and market linkages provide the source material for constructing the overall explanation of the development of this industry in this region. The results of the study should add to the academic debate over the formation and operation of industrial clusters, and should inform the national and local policy debates over influences on industrial competitiveness.