B Mating-type Specificities and Phermones in Schizophyllum

B 裂褶藻的交配型特异性和信息素

• 批准号: 9423994
• 负责人: Carlene Raper
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-02-15 至 1996-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9423994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mating; type; Specificities; Phermones; Schizophyllum

9423994 Raper The aim of this research is to understand how a simple eukaryote distinguishes itself from many nonselves in regulating mating and development. The specific objective is to discover the molecular mechanism by which the multiallelic B mating-type genes trigger sexual development in the mushroom-type fungus Schizophyllum commune. The B genes reside in two linked loci, B( and B(, each of which has nine different specificities in the world-wide population. A mating pair must be heteroallelic at either B( or B( to be compatible: any of 36 possible pairings of different specificities at either locus results in initiation of the identical developmental pathway. How is this possible? The recent cloning and sequencing of B(1 has revealed genes for putative pheromones and a pheromone receptor similar to those found in other fungi; all previously described fungal systems, however, possess only two allelic versions of such genes. It is likely that the basis for multispecificity of the B mating-type loci in S. commune is a unique system of multiple pheromone and pheromone receptor genes which act as master regulators of sexual morphogenesis. Evidence for other linked genes involved in specific events of sexual morphogenesis has been produced by a mutational dissection of the B(3 and B(2 loci. It is hypothesized that these other genes act downstream in a pheromone response pathway to affect particular steps in B-regulated development. The focus of this project is to test these hypotheses by characterizing the functional genetic components of the B(3 and B(2 loci. These will be compared with the B(1 and B(1 loci as part of a collaborative effort with two European laboratories. The number and kind of genetic elements that define given specificities of B( and B( is being determined by using standard techniques of DNA sequencing and DNA-mediated transformation of Schizophyllum. Preliminary analyses of the coding regions of relevant genes will be obtained by in vitro rnutagenesis and cDNA sequ encing. The existing deletion mutations within the loci will be used to isolate and characterize genes that affect specific developmental events in the B-regulated pathway. Genes of interest will be identified by using a set of overlapping clones within the wild-type B(3 - B(2 region as probes to determine differences in mutated versus progenitor DNA. Mutant strains will be used as transformation recipients to test for function of the wild-type genes. %%% Preliminary evidence suggests that B gene regulation of self/nonself recognition in S. commune is based on a ligand/receptor system similar to those known to regulate cell-to-cell communication and differentiation in a broad range of organisms. This study will take advantage of a unique opportunity to define the genetic determinants of what appear to be multiple versions of such molecules in a genetically accessible organism. *** ??

9423994 Raper这项研究的目的是了解一个简单的真核生物如何在调节交配和发育方面与许多非自我区分开来。具体的目标是发现多等位基因B交配型基因触发蘑菇型真菌裂褶菌有性发育的分子机制。B基因存在于两个连锁的基因座B（和B（中，每一个在世界范围的群体中具有九种不同的特异性。交配对必须在B（或B（）上是异等位基因才能相容：在任一基因座上具有不同特异性的36种可能配对中的任何一种都会导致相同发育途径的启动。这怎么可能？最近对B（1）的克隆和测序揭示了与在其它真菌中发现的类似的推定信息素和信息素受体的基因;然而，所有先前描述的真菌系统仅具有此类基因的两个等位基因版本。这可能是S. B交配型位点多特异性的基础。公社是一个独特的多信息素和信息素受体基因系统，它们充当性形态建成的主要调节因子。通过对B（3）和B（2）位点的突变解剖，已经获得了其他与性形态发生的特定事件有关的连锁基因的证据。据推测，这些其他基因的行为下游的信息素反应途径，影响特定的步骤，在B调节的发展。 本项目的重点是通过表征B（3）和B（2）基因座的功能遗传组分来检验这些假设。这些将与B（1）和B（1）位点进行比较，作为与两个欧洲实验室合作的一部分。 定义B（和B（的给定特异性的遗传元件的数量和种类通过使用DNA测序和DNA介导的裂褶菌转化的标准技术来确定。 通过体外诱变和cDNA测序，对相关基因的编码区进行初步分析。基因座内现有的缺失突变将用于分离和表征影响B调节途径中特定发育事件的基因。通过使用野生型B β- B β 2区域内的一组重叠克隆作为探针来鉴定目的基因，以确定突变DNA与祖DNA的差异。突变菌株将用作转化受体，以检测野生型基因的功能。 初步证据表明，B基因调控S. commune基于配体/受体系统，该系统类似于已知在广泛的生物体中调节细胞间通讯和分化的那些系统。这项研究将利用一个独特的机会来定义在遗传可及的生物体中似乎是这种分子的多个版本的遗传决定因素。 *** ??