A Sensor Array for Real-Time Tracking of Moving Objects

这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目将开发一种用于二维实时采集和跟踪运动物体的计算传感器阵列。第一阶段的原型系统是在CMOS VLSI中实现的，由一个具有对比度（边缘）检测的电阻耦合的注视点，空间可变的光感受器阵列（视网膜），测量局部定向运动速度的电路，以及用于获取和跟踪移动物体边界的电路组成。在中央凹中产生的速度信号与光照和对比度无关。传感器配有适当的光学器件并安装在机电定位组件上，该组件在跟踪模式下将目标和视网膜的相对速度设置为零。采集信号编码在周围的时间对比度变化的位置，并用于定位视网膜，使移动特征投射在中央凹上。视网膜和辅助电路被放置在一个芯片上，整个系统，包括定位机构，可以被安置在不到两立方英寸的体积里。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project shall develop a computational sensor array for 2D real-time acquisition and tracking of moving objects. The Phase I prototype system is implemented in CMOS VLSI and consists of a foveated, spatially variant array of photoreceptors (retina) with resistive coupling for contrast (edge) detection, circuits for the measurement of local, directional motion velocity in the foveal array and circuits for the acquisition and tracking of a moving object boundary. The velocity signal generated in the fovea is independent of illumination and contrast. The sensor is fitted with appropriate optics and mounted on an electromechanical positioning assembly which in tracking mode sets the relative velocity of the target and retina to zero. The acquisition signal codes the location of temporal changes of contrast in the periphery and serves to position the retina such that the moving feature is projected on the fovea. The retina and the ancillary circuits are placed on a single chip and the entire system, including the positioning mechanism, could be housed in a volume of less than two cubic inches.