Microsystems based stable, reliable, and real-time sensor array for in-situ thermal monitoring of lithium-ion batteries

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Over the next decade, the electrification of automobiles is expected to rise dramatically as automakers pivot toward electrification. Rechargeable Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are considered the electric heart within the electrification sector. It is essential that Li-ion batteries operate reliably and safely. One of the fundamental requirements for safe and reliable operation is real-time temperature monitoring of the battery. The heat generated inside the battery must be controlled to improve its lifecycle, reliability, and safety. If it is overheated, chemical energy quickly converts to thermal energy, leading to overheating, and then a thermal runway may cause failure, fire, or even explosion. An effective battery management system (BMS) ensures proper thermal management, but it relies on accurate temperature sensing during all operating states. The current sensing technology focuses on monitoring temperature using thermocouple sensors placed at discrete and strategic locations along battery surfaces, which lack the required spatial resolution to provide a complete thermal map. In situ temperature sensing inside each cell is therefore of paramount importance for proper BMS. In situ sensors require miniature, flexible and highly stable temperature sensors that can be placed inside the battery pack and should be compatible with environments inside the cells. Such a technological solution is highly sought after to reduce failure and improve safety. This catalyst project is to initiate first stage of collaboration between Canadian microsensor researchers and an international battery thermal research group at India will test the viability of a robust, in situ, and microsensors for Li-ion battery thermal system. It is expected to create a pivotal shift in the thermal management of EV batteries, thus creating opportunities for long-term collaboration, grants, funded projects and many economic opportunities in battery technology. The outcome of this research will increase Canada's leadership and competitiveness and thus contribute to shaping Canada's future in the battery and EV sectors.