Genetic Regulation of Phase Change in Maize

玉米相变的遗传调控

• 批准号: 9506258
• 负责人: R. Poethig
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-01 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9506258&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genetic; Regulation; Phase; Change; Maize

9506258 Poethig The correct timing of events in development is critical for normal morphogenesis. At the same time, changes in the relative timing of different developmental events (heterochrony) can be an important source of novelty in evolution, particularly when the timing of reproductive maturity changes relative to somatic maturity. The vegetative development of the shoot in plants is marked by several more or less discrete phases that can be distinguished from one another on the basis of a variety of morphological and physiological traits. A large number of obvious phase specific traits have been defined in maize, greatly facilitating the genetic and molecular analysis of the process of phase change in this species. Recently, Dr. Poethig has identified a new mutation, glossy early flowering, that dramatically accelerates both vegetative and reproductive development. Mutant plants produce leaves with adult vegetative fates abnormally early in shoot development and also flower early. Although extensive work on woody plants has suggested that the vegetative phase of the shoot is linked in some way to its reproductive capacity, gef is the first genetic link between these two aspects of shoot development in maize. Dr. Poethig proposes to a) characterize the phenotype of gef at a molecular, histological, and morphological level, b) determine its cell autonomy by clonal analysis, and c) establish its relationship to other genes involved in phase change by analyzing double mutations. In addition, he proposes to conduct extensive genetic screens for new mutations affecting phase change. these screens will involve screening in a wild type genetic background for mutations that accelerate vegetative phase change, and screening a gl15-2 background for mutations that either enhance or suppress this partially functional mutation. These experiments should provide new insight into the relationship between vegetative and reproductive maturation in plants, and provide th e genetic and molecular resources necessary for future research on the mechanisms of this important aspect of plant development. ***

小行星9506258 发育中事件的正确时机对正常形态发生至关重要。与此同时，不同发育事件的相对时间的变化（异时性）可能是进化中新奇的重要来源，特别是当生殖成熟的时间相对于体细胞成熟发生变化时。植物中的芽的营养发育以几个或多或少不连续的阶段为标志，这些阶段可以根据各种形态和生理特征彼此区分。玉米中大量明显的阶段特异性性状已被确定，这极大地促进了该物种阶段转变过程的遗传和分子分析。最近，Poethig博士发现了一种新的突变，即有光泽的早花，它大大加速了营养和生殖发育。突变体植物在芽发育中异常早地产生具有成人营养命运的叶，并且也提早开花。尽管对木本植物的大量研究表明，营养生长阶段的枝条与其繁殖能力有某种联系，但gef是玉米枝条发育这两个方面之间的第一个遗传联系。Poethig博士建议a）在分子、组织学和形态学水平上表征gef的表型，B）通过克隆分析确定其细胞自主性，以及c）通过分析双突变来建立其与其他参与相变的基因的关系。此外，他建议对影响相变的新突变进行广泛的遗传筛查。这些筛选将包括在野生型遗传背景中筛选加速营养期变化的突变，以及在Gl 15 -2背景中筛选增强或抑制该部分功能性突变的突变。这些实验将为植物营养成熟和生殖成熟之间的关系提供新的认识，并为进一步研究植物发育这一重要方面的机制提供必要的遗传和分子资源。 ***