Collaborative Research on Interdependence, Democracy, and Peace

相互依存、民主与和平的合作研究

• 批准号: 9507817
• 负责人: Bruce Russett
• 金额: $ 6.01万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-15 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9507817&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interdependence; Democracy; Peace

9507817 Russett Nineteenth century liberals advocated policies to expand liberty and increase prosperity. Politically, they sought to shift control of the government from aristocrats to commoners, especially the commercial class. In the realm of economics, they repudiated the protectionist policies of mercantilism. They believed that free trade and democratization,l beneficial in their own right, would also reduce the incidence of war. Their views continue to inform theoretical and policy debates. The relationship between democracy and international conflict has received careful attention in recent scholarship on international relations; a wide range of formal and empirical studies have established that democracies rarely fight each other, even at relatively low levels of violence. The relationship between economic interdependence and international conflict, however, has received less systematic attention. During the past year the investigators have conducted new analyses on the period 1950-1986 that incorporate a measure of economic interdependence derived from bilateral trade flows. Following closely earlier analyses of the effect of democracy on conflict, the researchers found that economic interdependence also has important effects in reducing conflict. In this project the investigators extend this line of research by estimating a model to clarity the reciprocal influence between trade and international conflict. They also evaluate the pacifying influence of democracy and economic interdependence while controlling for the expected utility of the use of force. In the process the researchers explore whether democratic countries are more likely to trade with each other than with non- democracies, check the implications of new measures for joint democracy and economic interdependence., apply new sensitivity checks on the findings, and extend the dataset into the 1990s to assess the impact of the recent dramatic spread of democracy in the post-cold war world. ***

9507817罗塞特19世纪的自由主义者倡导扩大自由和促进繁荣的政策。在政治上，他们试图将政府的控制权从贵族手中转移到平民手中，特别是商业阶层。在经济领域，他们驳斥了重商主义的保护主义政策。他们认为，自由贸易和民主化，对L本身有利，也会减少战争的发生。他们的观点继续为理论和政策辩论提供信息。在最近关于国际关系的学术研究中，民主和国际冲突之间的关系受到了认真的关注；广泛的正式和实证研究表明，民主国家很少相互争斗，即使是在暴力程度相对较低的情况下。然而，经济相互依存与国际冲突之间的关系却没有得到那么系统的关注。在过去的一年里，调查人员对1950-1986年期间进行了新的分析，其中纳入了双边贸易流动产生的经济相互依存程度。在仔细分析了民主对冲突的影响之后，研究人员发现，经济上的相互依赖在减少冲突方面也有重要作用。在这个项目中，研究人员通过估计一个模型来扩展这一研究范围，以澄清贸易和国际冲突之间的相互影响。他们还评估了民主和经济相互依存的安抚影响，同时控制了使用武力的预期效用。在这个过程中，研究人员探索民主国家之间的贸易是否比与非民主国家更有可能，检查联合民主和经济相互依存的新措施的影响，对研究结果进行新的敏感性检查，并将数据集扩展到20世纪90年代，以评估最近民主在冷战后世界急剧蔓延的影响。***