Career: Heterogeneity and the Macroeconomy: Research and Teaching in the Intersection of Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics

9507978霍瓦斯，这项职业补助金的目的是加强两个经济学分支之间的联系：产业组织和宏观经济学。产业组织领域最近成功地阐明了企业的几个关键行为特征。例如，几乎不考虑行业定义，小公司和年轻公司被证明比大公司和老公司有更多的变数增长率和更高的失败率。几乎没有人试图确定这些发现对宏观经济行为的影响，也没有太多地强调可能在行业层面塑造这些发现的宏观经济力量。本研究旨在探讨企业层面的微观经济决策与宏观经济之间的相互关系。重点是了解宏观经济力量，如财政和货币政策，以及总需求和供应冲击如何影响经营企业类型在广泛选择的行业中的分布，以及企业类型分布的变化如何影响生产率、就业创造、就业和产出等总变量的波动。该教育计划需要为本科生和研究生制定课程序列，以消除宏观经济中的种族隔离。经济学这门学科往往过分强调微观经济学和宏观经济学之间的区别，以至于学生们觉得有必要在学习之初就选择包含哪个子领域。这往往对学生和整个领域都不利。研究方案的价值取决于微观经济、企业层面的行为表明宏观经济行为有意义的能力，反之亦然。显然，如果结果提供了深刻的见解，那么从如何教授这些子领域的角度来区分微观经济学和宏观经济学可能是不必要的严格。拟议的课程将详细说明拟议研究的结果，但也将探讨其他主题。

9507978 Horvath The objective of this CAREER grant is to strengthen the link between two strands of economics: industrial organization and macroeconomics. The field of industrial organization has recently been successful in illuminating several key behavioral characteristics of firms. For example, almost regardless of industry definition, small and young firms have been shown to have much more variable growth rates and higher rates of failure than large and old firms. Little attempt has been made to determine the implications of these findings for the behavior of the macroeconomy, nor has much emphasis been placed on macroeconomic forces that may be shaping these findings at the industry level. This research project would explore the interrelation between the microeconomic decision-making at the firm level and the macroeconomy. The emphasis will be on understanding how macroeconomic forces such as fiscal and monetary policy, as well as aggregate demand and supply shocks affect the distribution of operating firm types in a broad selection of industries, and how the changing distribution of firm types influences fluctuations in aggregate variables such as productivity, job creation, employment, and output. The education plan entails the development of course sequences for undergraduate and graduate student son desegregated aspects of the macroeconomy. The discipline of economias has tended to overemphasize the division between micro and macroeconomics to the point where students feel it necessary to choose early in their studies which subfield to embrace. This often works to the detriment of both the students and the entire field. The merit of the research proposal hinges on the ability of microeconomic, firm-level behavior to indicate something meaningful about macroeconomic behavior and vice-versa. Clearly, if the results provide insightful, then the distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics from the perspective of how these subfields are taught is perhaps needlessl y stringent. The proposed courses would detail the results of the proposed research but would also explore other topics.