The Population Dynamics of a Nonlethal Parasitoid: Trichopoda pennipes and Nezara viridula

非致命性寄生蜂的种群动态：Trichopoda pennipes 和 Nezara viridula

• 批准号: 9509738
• 负责人: Andrew Taylor
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-15 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509738&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Population; Dynamics; Nonlethal; Parasitoid; Trichopoda

9509738 Taylor Parasitoids are insect species in which females lay eggs in or on other insects, which then are eaten by the parasitoid larvae. In most species the hosts are attacked in immature stages and are killed before reaching reproductive maturity. Many species of fly parasitoids, however, attack adult hosts, which often reproduce before being killed. This project will describe such nonlethal parasitism by one such species, Trichopoda pennipes, on its host, the southern green stink bug. Laboratory experiments and rearing of parasitized hosts from field collections will be used to describe the effects of parasitism on host mortality and reproduction and on the success of parasitoid reproduction, in relation to factors such as the age of the host when parasitized and the number of parasitoid eggs laid on it. Preferences of parasitoids for hosts of different ages also will be determined. The probable effects of these processes on the population dynamics of the parasitoid-host system will be analyzed with mathematical models. Parasitoids are important sources of pest control in agricultural and other ecological systems. The host species to be used in these studies is an important agricultural pest worldwide, and the parasitoid specie has often been used as a biological control agent for it, though with limited success. This research will lead to better understanding of factors, particularly non-lethal parasitism, affecting the ability of this and other parasitoids to control their hosts. This knowledge should enhance the effectiveness of biological pest control efforts and thus reduce our dependence on chemical insecticides.

小行星9509738 寄生虫是一种昆虫，其中雌性在其他昆虫体内或其上产卵，然后被寄生虫幼虫吃掉。 在大多数物种中，宿主在未成熟阶段受到攻击，并在达到生殖成熟之前被杀死。 然而，许多种类的蝇类寄生蜂攻击成虫宿主，成虫在被杀死之前经常繁殖。 本计画将描述这种非致死性寄生，其中一种，Trichopoda pennipes，对它的寄主，南方绿色蝽。 通过室内实验和野外饲养的方法，研究了寄生对寄主死亡率、生殖力和寄生蜂繁殖成功率的影响，以及寄生时寄主的年龄和寄生蜂卵的数量等因素对寄生蜂繁殖的影响，并确定了寄生蜂对不同年龄寄主的偏好。 这些过程对寄生-寄主系统种群动态的可能影响将用数学模型进行分析。 寄生性天敌是农业和其他生态系统害虫防治的重要来源。 在这些研究中使用的宿主物种是世界范围内重要的农业害虫，并且寄生物物种经常被用作其生物控制剂，尽管成功有限。 这项研究将导致更好地了解的因素，特别是非致命的寄生，影响这种和其他寄生虫控制其主机的能力。 这方面的知识应能提高生物虫害防治工作的有效性，从而减少我们对化学杀虫剂的依赖。