Dynamics and Scaling in Materials Physics

[9510394 . Carlson]这项研究处理的是远离平衡的复杂系统。新的理论技术被开发和利用来研究具有一系列应用的项目，包括裂缝、地震、摩擦、颗粒流和生物系统。第一个主题侧重于模型和实际系统的输运性质，PI和其他人在自组织临界的背景下研究了这些输运性质。第二个主题涉及地震动力学建模领域的持续工作，以及新的摩擦和颗粒流动微观模型的发展。第三个主题涉及空间扩展系统的预测算法的开发和测试。在我们周围的世界中，我们试图理解的许多系统都远非平衡。例子包括断裂（材料破碎）、地震、摩擦、颗粒流和生物系统。该项目将继续首席研究员在理论上解决这些现象的工作。其中一个主题涉及研究一种称为自组织临界的特殊方法，这种方法适用于许多这种情况下的运动，至少在某些时候。第二个主题继续在地震动力学领域的工作，以及开发摩擦和颗粒流动的新模型。研究结果将直接与最近的实验数据进行比较。第三个主要课题涉及开发和测试基于过去预测未来的新算法。* * *

9510394 Carlson This research addresses complex systems far from equilibrium. New theoretical techniques are developed and exploited to study projects that have an array of applications, including fracture, earthquakes, friction, granular flow, and biological systems. The first topic focuses on transport properties of both models and real systems that the PI and others have studied in the context of self-organized criticality. The second topic involves continuing work in the area of modeling earthquake dynamics, as well as the development of new microscopic models for friction and granular flow. The third topic addresses the development and testing of prediction algorithms for spatially extended systems. %%% Many systems that we seek to understand in the world around us are far from equilibrium. Examples include fracture (breaking of materials), earthquakes, friction, granular flow, and biological systems. This project will continue the work of the Principal Investigator in addressing such phenomena theoretically. One topic involves studying a particular approach called self-organized criticality that applies to motion in many of these situations, at least some of the time. A second topic continues work in the area of earthquake dynamics as well as developing new models for friction and granular flow. The results of the study will be directly compared with recent experimental data. The third major topic involves developing and testing new algorithms that predict the future based on past for such systems. ***