Gravitational and Relativistic Physics

引力和相对论物理学

• 批准号: 9511794
• 负责人: William Hiscock
• 金额: $ 8.2万
• 依托单位: Montana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-15 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9511794&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gravitational; Relativistic; Physics

Theories of relativistic dissipative fluids will be applied to study situations of astrophysical and experimental interest. Constraints relating the properties of fluid stability, causality, and hyperbolicity in these theories can be used to strengthen existing upper limits on the mass of neutron stars. The behavior of the theories when applied to a Fermi gas far from equilibrium will be studied; whether nonlinear effects destroy hyperbolicity in this case will be determined. These results will then be used to apply the fluid models to the study of relativistic fluid collisions, ranging from heavy ions to neutron stars. Present theories of relativistic dissipative superfluids have been shown to be physically unacceptable, as all equilibrium states within those theories are unstable. A newly proposed theory which seems (on the surface) to avoid this problem will be analyzed in detail, and its fundamental properties regarding stability, causality, and hyperbolicity analyzed. Extreme black holes, possessing degenerate event horizons and zero surface gravity, are currently playing a central role in work on black hole thermodynamics and the "information loss" puzzle of black hole evaporation. Using the methods developed by Anderson, Hiscock, and Samuel, the quantum effects of vacuum polarization on an extreme black hole's geometry and thermodynamics will be studied.

相对论耗散流体理论将应用于研究天体物理学和实验感兴趣的情况。 这些理论中与流体稳定性、因果关系和双曲性特性相关的约束可用于加强现有的中子星质量上限。 将研究该理论应用于远离平衡态的费米气体时的行为；在这种情况下，将确定非线性效应是否会破坏双曲性。 然后，这些结果将用于将流体模型应用于从重离子到中子星的相对论流体碰撞研究。 目前的相对论耗散超流体理论已被证明在物理上是不可接受的，因为这些理论中的所有平衡状态都是不稳定的。 将详细分析一种新提出的理论（表面上）似乎可以避免这个问题，并分析其有关稳定性、因果性和双曲性的基本属性。 极端黑洞拥有简并事件视界和零表面重力，目前在黑洞热力学和黑洞蒸发“信息丢失”难题的研究中发挥着核心作用。 使用安德森、希斯科克和塞缪尔开发的方法，将研究真空极化对极端黑洞几何和热力学的量子效应。