SYMPOSIUM: Control of Arterial Blood Gases: Ventilatory and Circulatory Perspectives; December, 1995, Washington, DC

研讨会：动脉血气控制：通气和循环角度；

• 批准号: 9513873
• 负责人: Carl Reiber
• 金额: $ 0.5万
• 依托单位: Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-12-15 至 1996-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9513873&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SYMPOSIUM; Control; Arterial; Blood; Gases

9513873 Reiber Dr. Reiber requests financial support for a one day symposium entitled "Control of Arterial Blood Gases: Ventilatory and Cardiovascular Perspectives", to be held as part of the national meeting of the American Society of Zoologists, December 27-30, 1995 Washington D.C. The symposium will be sponsored by the Division of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. The proceedings will be published in the American Zoologist. The control of blood gases is vital and ultimately encompasses such homeostatic processes as acid-base balance and oxygen supply for cellular metabolism. Early studies on the control of blood gases in mammals as well as within comparative physiology, centered around questions of gas exchange and its implications for metabolism. While this line of research proved highly successful by explaining important concepts and identifying controlled parameters, the underlying control mechanisms could not be elucidated. Thus, especially within the last two decades, subsequent studies devoted to neurophysiology and the neurological mechanisms have emerged. The new techniques and questions brought about by the recent neurophysiological approach has unraveled pivotal mechanisms and promises exciting future research. Nevertheless, in spite of the enormous progress, the contemporary dominance of neurophysiology may engender conceptual problems because such studies are becoming increasingly removed from the study of gas exchange, which is the evolutionarily significant factor which is acted upon by natural selection. Consequently, as a main objective of the proposed symposium, Dr. Reiber feels it is pertinent to maintain an integrated view which keep the original questions of gas exchange in perspective but fully utilizes the emerging neurophysiological understanding. In this symposium we will discuss several aspects in which the comparative approach seems most promising. Although not always recognized, studies of invertebrates and non-mammalian vertebrates have contributed enormously to the understanding of gas exchange mechanisms. This will also be the case within the neurophysiological aspect of blood gas regulation, because the receptor systems and mechanisms seem rather conserved and findings in a given group will therefore often provide insight to general relationships. The first half of the proposed symposium focuses on the receptors which control ventilation and the cardiovascular system. Experimental work on both central and peripheral (arterial as well as airway) receptors will be presented. The same overall focus is maintained in the afternoon section, but the main emphasis is placed on the influence of the environment on blood gas regulation. As an interesting objective, he hopes to compare and contrast studies involving acute changes in the environment (such as acute reductions in inhaled Po2) with those of more subtle but longer lasting changes during development. Such comparisons may contribute to the understanding of important questions regarding how receptor "set points" are determined. Thus, the proposed symposium has a very broad scope. The proposed presentations span all major taxonomic groups and touch upon developmental, as well as environmental issues. He therefore expects to capture the interest of a wide audience. ***

9513873 Reiber博士请求为一次为期一天的题为“动脉血气控制：通风和心血管前景”的研讨会提供财政支持，该研讨会将作为美国动物学家协会全国会议的一部分，于1995年12月27日至30日在华盛顿特区举行。会议记录将发表在《美国动物学家》杂志上。血气的控制是至关重要的，最终包括酸碱平衡和细胞代谢的氧气供应等动态平衡过程。早期关于哺乳动物体内以及比较生理学中血气控制的研究，主要围绕气体交换及其对新陈代谢的影响等问题展开。虽然这一系列研究通过解释重要概念和确定受控参数证明是非常成功的，但潜在的控制机制无法阐明。因此，特别是在过去的二十年里，致力于神经生理学和神经机制的后续研究应运而生。最近的神经生理学方法带来的新技术和问题揭开了关键机制的面纱，并预示着令人兴奋的未来研究。然而，尽管取得了巨大的进步，当代神经生理学的主导地位可能会产生概念上的问题，因为这样的研究越来越远离气体交换的研究，而气体交换是自然选择所作用的进化上的重要因素。因此，作为拟议研讨会的一个主要目标，Reiber博士认为，保持一种综合的观点是恰当的，既能正确地看待气体交换的原始问题，又能充分利用新出现的神经生理学理解。在这次研讨会上，我们将讨论比较方法似乎最有前途的几个方面。无脊椎动物和非哺乳类脊椎动物的研究虽然并不总是被认可，但对气体交换机制的理解做出了巨大贡献。在血气调节的神经生理学方面也是如此，因为受体系统和机制似乎相当保守，因此在给定的组中的发现通常会提供对一般关系的洞察。拟议的研讨会的前半部分集中在控制通风和心血管系统的受体。将介绍中枢和外周(动脉和呼吸道)受体的实验工作。下午的部分保持了同样的总体重点，但主要强调了环境对血气调节的影响。作为一个有趣的目标，他希望将涉及环境急剧变化(如吸入PO2的急剧减少)的研究与那些在发育过程中发生更细微但更持久的变化的研究进行比较和对比。这样的比较可能有助于理解有关受体“设定点”是如何确定的重要问题。因此，拟议的研讨会具有非常广泛的范围。拟议的介绍涉及所有主要的分类小组，并涉及发展和环境问题。因此，他希望能抓住广大观众的兴趣。***