Interfacial Melting and Frost Heave in Ice

小行星9523513 该项目是一项为期三年的实验研究，研究在低于纯水冰点的温度下存在于冰晶边界的液态水的动态。 这一过程被称为预融，对海冰中盐水的重新分布、污染物通过冰川冰的明显迁移以及土壤和岩石中的冻胀和风化速率具有重要影响。 预融是常见的几乎所有类型的材料，但已被最广泛的研究在冰。 它可能是由吸附力、润湿、尺寸效应或基底无序引起的，涉及表面物理和相变现象的许多方面。 实验和理论计划将包括冰晶生长和晶体之间的未冻水传输作为温度和温差的函数的研究，以及冰晶和各种基质之间的研究。 一个重要的目标将是发展有用的模型，在自然条件下的冰的生长和杂质运输，以评估颗粒界面如何可能作为化学管道。 ***

9523513 Wettlaufer This project is a three-year experimental study of the dynamics of liquid water existing at the boundaries of ice crystal at temperatures below the freezing point of pure water. This process, called premelting, has significant consequences in the redistributing of brine in sea ice, the apparent migrating of contaminants through glacier ice, and the rate of frost heave and weathering in soils and rocks. Premelting is common to virtually all types of materials, but has been most extensively studied in ice. It may be caused by adsorption forces, wetting, size effects, or substrate disorder, and involves many aspects of surface physics and phase transition phenomena. The experimental and theoretical program will include studies of ice crystal growth and unfrozen water transport between crystals as functions of temperature and temperature differences, as well as such studies between ice crystals and various substrates. An important objective will be the development of useful models for ice growth and impurity transport under natural conditions in order to assess how grain interfaces may serve as chemical conduits. ***