The Arctic Outflow Campaign: A Measurement Study to Characterize the Composition and Photochemistry of Arctic Air Transported Southward During Spring

北极流出运动：春季向南输送的北极空气的成分和光化学特征的测量研究

• 批准号: 9528031
• 负责人: Richard Honrath
• 金额: $ 10.1万
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-01-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9528031&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Arctic; Outflow; Campaign; Measurement; Study

9528031 Honrath This project consists of a multi-investigator measurement campaign studying the springtime outflow of arctic air toward the North Atlantic. During winter and spring, levels of photochemically active pollutants are elevated in the remote arctic troposphere. Recent work indicates that transport through the Arctic provides a substantial flux of total reactive nitrogen (NOy) and non-methane hydrocarbons to the temperate North Atlantic region. This process may play a significant role in the tropospheric ozone budget of this and other remote regions. Current understanding of these effects is limited by an absence of measurements of the relevant compounds in southward-transported arctic air. The ground-based measurement campaign will take place during January-April, 1996, at a site in Newfoundland, within the dominant pathway of springtime arctic air flow. Measurements will include ozone, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, peroxyacetic nitric anhydride, peroxypropionic nitric anhydride, alkyl nitrates, total reactive nitrogen, non-methane hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, plus standard meteorological parameters and radiometer-based nitrogen dioxide photodissociation rates. Real-time isentropic back-trajectory forecasts and meteorological analyses will be used to guide the sampling frequency to ensure adequate coverage during outflow events. An archive of back-trajectories will assist in data interpretation. The results of this study will be used to assess the impact of the winter-spring arctic reservoir on the levels and speciation of NOx, NOy, and non-methane hydrocarbons at lower latitudes. Impacts on the local ozone formation/destruction rate and budget will be estimated using a photochemical box model.

小行星9528031 该项目包括一个多调查员测量活动，研究春季北极空气流向北大西洋。在冬季和春季，在遥远的北极对流层，光化学活性污染物的水平升高。最近的工作表明，通过北极的迁移向北大西洋温带地区提供了大量的总活性氮和非甲烷碳氢化合物。这一过程可能在该区域和其他偏远区域的对流层臭氧收支中发挥重要作用。目前对这些影响的理解是有限的，缺乏测量的相关化合物在向南输送的北极空气。 地面测量活动将于1996年1月至4月在纽芬兰的一个地点进行，该地点位于春季北极气流的主要通道内。测量将包括臭氧、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、过氧乙酸氮酐、过氧丙酸氮酐、硝酸烷基酯、总活性氮、非甲烷碳氢化合物、一氧化碳，加上标准气象参数和基于辐射计的二氧化氮光解率。实时等熵后向轨迹预报和气象分析将用于指导采样频率，以确保在外流事件期间有足够的覆盖面。反向轨迹档案将有助于数据解释。这项研究的结果将被用来评估冬春季北极水库的水平和氮氧化物，氮氧化物和非甲烷碳氢化合物在低纬度的形态的影响。将使用光化学箱模型来估计对当地臭氧形成/破坏率和预算的影响。