The Impact of Aged Boreal Fire Emissions on the Composition of the Remote Midlatitude Lower Free Troposphere, Using Measurements at the PICO-NARE Station

该项目将评估北方森林生物质燃烧排放对中纬度对流层组成的影响。这将通过使用亚速尔群岛PICO天文台对臭氧、一氧化碳和活性氮（NOy）的测量，加上轨迹和粒子扩散计算，以及北方火灾和生物质燃烧羽流的遥感数据来完成。目标是量化北方火灾对背景（和偶发）臭氧浓度的影响，比较生物质燃烧对臭氧与人为排放的重要性，并研究臭氧增强对火源的依赖，从高纬度到亚速尔群岛的运输途径，以及沿着这些途径的光化学历史。这项工作将为利用从大西洋偏远地区皮科山顶观测站获得的数据提供进一步的机会。这个地区远离当地的污染源，皮科的自由对流层代表了大西洋上空的一大片大气。该地点是研究排放对大气的区域和全球影响的理想地点，也是研究全球变化可能产生的影响的实验室。本基金将资助两名研究生进行博士论文研究。

This project will assess the impact of biomass burning emissions from boreal forests on the composition of the midlatitude troposphere. This will be accomplished by using measurements of ozone, carbon monoxide, and reactive nitrogen (NOy) from the PICO observatory in the Azores, coupled with trajectory and particle dispersion calculations, and remote sensing data on boreal fires and biomass burning plumes. The goals are to quantify the influence of boreal fires on background (and episodic) ozone concentrations, compare the importance of biomass burning on ozone versus anthropogenic emissions, and study the dependence of ozone enhancements on fire sources, transport pathways from high latitudes to the Azores, and the photochemical history along these pathways. This work will provide further opportunity to utilize the data that have been obtained from the observing station at the top of Mt. Pico, in a remote part of the Atlantic Ocean. This area is far from local sources of pollution, and the free troposphere at Pico is representative of a large swath of the atmosphere over the Atlantic Ocean. The site is ideal for examining the regional and global effects of emissions on the atmosphere, and as a laboratory for studying possible effects of global change. This grant will support the PhD thesis research of two graduate students.