Deep Ocean Ventilation Through Antarctic Intermediate Layers (DOVETAIL)

小行星9528807 拟议的项目是对威德尔海新形成的底层水流出及其扩散到南大西洋的多机构综合研究的一部分。 它建立在早期成功的研究流入的中间水团到东部威德尔海，他们的修改内威德尔环流，并在西部威德尔海与底层水形成过程的相互作用。 这项研究被称为通过南极中间层的深海通风（DOVETAIL），包括水文测量、天然示踪剂实验和建模研究等六个部分。 这项研究将集中在德雷克海峡以东，威德尔海和斯科舍海的水团在威德尔-斯科舍汇流处汇合，并将与德国和西班牙的国家南极计划合作进行。 这一具体部分涉及观测温度和盐度结构以及汇流区水柱的化学性质。 这项研究有四个相关的目标。 第一是评估汇点威德尔海源沃茨的数量和物理化学特征。 第二个是描述的主导过程与密集的南极沃茨内的威德尔-斯科舍汇合的扩散和下沉。 第三是估计世界海洋的通风率，第四是估计区域海洋运输和水文结构的季节性波动，并评估季节性和年际变化对威德尔海沃茨通风率的可能影响。 深海通风--地下水团上升到表面，以补充大气气体并将热量释放到大气中--是南极洲的一种独特现象，通过影响全球气候变化对全球变化产生重大影响二氧化碳的储存，并调节南半球季节性海冰的数量和范围。 这一部分将对水的温度、盐度结构进行系统观测，并为其他化学研究开展广泛的取样方案。 其目的是确定个人的水团，并将其温度和盐度特性的修改过程内的威德尔海。 ***

9528807 Gordon The proposed project is part of a multi-institutional integrated study of the outflow of newly formed bottom water from the Weddell Sea and its dispersion into the South Atlantic Ocean. It builds upon earlier successful studies of the inflow of intermediate water masses into the Eastern Weddell Sea, their modification within the Weddell Gyre, and their interaction with bottom water formation processes in the western Weddell Sea. The study is called Deep Ocean Ventilation Through Antarctic Intermediate Layers (DOVETAIL) and includes six components involving hydrographic measurements, natural tracer experiments, and modeling studies. The study will be centered east of the Drake Passage where water masses from the Weddell Sea and the Scotia Sea come together in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence, and will be carried out in cooperation with the national antarctic programs of Germany and Spain. This particular component concerns observations of the temperature and salinity structure, as well as the chemical nature of the water column in the confluence region. The study has four related objectives. The first is to assess the quantity and the physical and chemical characteristics of Weddell Sea source waters for the confluence. The second is to describe the dominant processes associated with spreading and sinking of dense antarctic waters within the Weddell-Scotia Confluence. The third is to estimate the ventilation rate of the world ocean, and the fourth is to estimate seasonal fluctuations in the regional ocean transport and hydrographic structure and to assess the likely influence of seasonal to interannual variability on rates of ventilation by Weddell Sea waters. Ventilation of the deep ocean -- the rising of sub-surface water masses to the surface to be recharged with atmospheric gases and to give up heat to the atmosphere -- is a uniquely antarctic phenomenon that has significant consequences for global change by affecting the g lobal reservoir of carbon dioxide, and by modulating the amount and extent of seasonal sea ice in the southern hemisphere. This component will make systematic observations of the temperature salinity structure of the water and undertake an extensive sampling program for other chemical studies. The purpose is to identify the individual water masses and to relate their temperature and salinity characteristics to the modification processes within the Weddell Sea. ***