SBIR PHASE I: Inert Metal Anodes for Aluminum Electrowinning

SBIR 第一阶段：用于铝电解的惰性金属阳极

• 批准号: 9560954
• 负责人: James Oxley
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Oxley Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-02-01 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9560954&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; PHASE; Inert; Metal; Anodes

9560954 Oxley This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I Project aims to establish the feasibility of improved copper-base alloys as inert, oxygen evolving anodes for aluminum electrowinning from molten cryolite-alumina. The search for an inert anode has previously focused mainly on ceramic oxides, cermets and in situ formed ceramic oxides. The most serious problems with these materials are, (a) dissolution into the cryolite with subsequent contamination of the product aluminum, and (b) mechanical fracture. An alternative approach is to use a material which actually thrives in the hostile molten salt/O2 environment. This concept was demonstrated recently using metal anodes. This work included experiments with binary Cu-Al alloys. Under oxygen evolution conditions, these alloys should form stable, protective Al2O3-based films. However, the alloys exhibited only partial stability and suffered periodic film failure. This problem will be solved by using ternary and/or quaternary alloying additives to a Cu-Al base. Retrofitting US aluminum smelters with inert anodes could reduce energy consumption significantly. Eliminating carbon anode use would also avoid formation of the perfluorocarbons CF4 and C2F6, greenhouse gases with lifetimes of greater than many thousands of years in the atmosphere. U.S. aluminum producers have committed to reduce emission of these gases significantly by the year 2000.

小行星9560954奥克斯利 这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目的目的是建立改进的铜基合金作为惰性，析氧阳极铝电解从熔融冰晶石氧化铝的可行性。对惰性阳极的研究以前主要集中在陶瓷氧化物、金属陶瓷和原位形成的陶瓷氧化物上。这些材料最严重的问题是，（a）溶解到冰晶石中，随后污染产品铝，和（B）机械断裂。另一种方法是使用在恶劣的熔盐/O2环境中实际上茁壮成长的材料。最近使用金属阳极证明了这一概念。这项工作包括二元Cu-Al合金的实验。在析氧条件下，这些合金应形成稳定的保护性Al 2 O3基薄膜。然而，合金仅表现出部分稳定性，并遭受周期性膜失效。这个问题将通过在Cu-Al基中使用三元和/或四元合金化添加剂来解决。 用惰性阳极改造美国铝冶炼厂可以显著降低能耗。消除碳阳极的使用还可以避免全氟化碳CF 4和C2 F6的形成，这些温室气体在大气中的寿命超过数千年。美国铝生产商已承诺到2000年大幅度减少这些气体的排放。