U.S.-NIS Clearinghouse for Developing the Infrastructure of Science and Technology in the Former Soviet Union

INT-9602057柯克授予美国科学促进会的这一奖项是为了表彰“前苏联发展科学技术基础设施的信息中心”。在过去的两年里，美国科学促进会、美国科学促进会附属协会以及前苏联新独立国家(NIS)的对应机构一直在实施一项计划，以加强这些国家的科学基础设施建设活动。该计划的目标是：(1)帮助NIS的同行在科学机构中制定基于竞争、同行审查和民主规范的决策程序，促进科学进步和公众对科学问题的理解；(2)鼓励其成员横跨科学界的研究、教育和工业部门的非政府科学学会的发展；以及(3)增进美国科学家对NIS科学的了解，促进美国和NIS科学家之间的合作，包括公开交换科学信息。AAAS还一直在充当美国和欧洲在NIS国家的其他项目的信息交流中心，以促进对这些努力的更好协调和理解。其中许多新国家的经济限制和封闭文化导致了科学界的重大分歧和困难，并阻碍了科学界朝着更接近西方规范的机构前进。AAAS计划明年继续和加强其在该地区的基础设施建设活动，具体做法是：(1)举办两个关于提案撰写技能的讲习班和两个关于项目管理和评估的后续讲习班；(2)通过增加五个奖学金和支持其中一些研究员长期协助建立可持续的非政府科学学会，协助非政府科学学会的发展；(3)加强其中心职能，继续以书面和电子形式收集和传播有关美国和欧洲国家科学和技术计划以及国家科学机构及其活动的信息。该信息交换中心实现了将美国和NIS的顶尖专家聚集在一起，在平等、互惠和互利的基础上，在共同利益和能力强的领域结合互补努力和能力的计划目标。?？

INT-9602057 Kirk This award to the American Association for the Advancement of Science AAAS is for a "Clearinghouse for Developing the Infrastructure of Science and Technology in the Former Soviet Union". For the past two years, AAAS, AAAS affiliated societies, and their counterparts in the newly independent states (NIS) of the former Soviet Union have been implementing a program to enhance scientific infrastructure-building activities in these states. The goals of this program are to: (1) assist NIS counterparts in development of decision-making processes in science institutions which are based on competition, peer review, and democratic norms, and which promote the advancement of science and the public understanding of scientific issues; (2) encourage the development of nongovernmental scientific societies whose members cut across research, educational, and industrial sectors of the scientific community; and (3) enhance US scientists' understanding of NIS science and promote cooperation between US and NIS scientists including the open exchange of scientific information. AAAS has also been acting as a clearinghouse of information about other US and European programs in NIS states to foster better coordination and understanding of these efforts. Economic constraints and the closed culture of many of these new states have resulted in major divisions and difficulties in the scientific community and have impeded its progress toward institutions more akin to Western norms. AAAS plans to continue and intensify its infrastructure-building activities in this region over the next year by: (1) Conducting two workshops on proposal-writing skills and two follow-on workshops on project management and evaluation; (2) Assisting in the development of nongovernmental scientific societies through five additional fellowships and by supporting some of these fellows on a longer-term basis to assist in the establishment of sustainable nongovernmental scientific societies; and (3) intensifying its cl earinghouse function by continuing to collect and disseminate information, in written and electronic form, on US and European scientific and technical programs in NIS states and on NIS science institutions and their activities. This clearinghouse fulfills the program objectives of bringing together leading experts in the U.S. and the NIS to combine complementary efforts and capabilities in areas of strong mutual interest and competence on the basis of equality, reciprocity, and mutuality of benefit. ??