Development of the Second Generation "Smart" Balloon Capability

开发第二代“智能”气球能力

• 批准号: 9610009
• 负责人: Steven Businger
• 金额: $ 10.63万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9610009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Second; Generation; Smart; Balloon

9610009 Businger This project is part of the North Atlantic Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-2) which will be conducted in June and July, 1997 over the subtropical Northeastern Atlantic Ocean as an international collaborative effort. The main objectives of ACE-2 are to study the properties of atmospheric aerosols relevant to radiative forcing and climate using aircraft, ship-board, and ground-based measurements. In a prior NSF-supported project led by this PI, smart tetroons were developed and tested whose altitude could be controlled through variable ballasting achieved using an expandable balloon inside a pressurized constant volume tetroon. Smart tetroons were deployed successfully during the field phase of the ACE-1 experiment in 1995 to track air parcels. Smart balloon track information is provided through an onboard GPS receiver and pressure, temperature, humidity and rainfall sensors which collect additional data that are transmitted along with the position data to a research aircraft. The motivation for the development of this capability was to use the instrumented smart tetroons for data collection and tracking in Lagrangian chemistry and boundary layer physics experiments without the threat of balloon loss through groundings. In this project, the next generation smart balloon will be developed and constructed. The transponder will be enhanced with the addition of two-way communications. This will allow the operating parameters and the altitude control strategy to be adjusted from the aircraft during an experiment, and provide for more efficient data transmission via radio. To overcome the effects of precipitation loading and to extend the pressure range of the balloon in general, the superpressure smart balloon will be constructed from a new fabric which affords a tenfold larger dynamic lift range than the original fabric. The new balloon will also have a spherical shape which provides improved surface area to volume ratio. The instrument package, pumps, and transponder design will be integrated with the new balloon and undergo tests prior to deployment in field experiments.

小行星9610009 这一项目是北大西洋区域气溶胶特性试验的一部分，该试验将于1997年6月和7月在亚热带东北大西洋上空进行，是一项国际合作努力。ACE-2的主要目标是利用飞机、船载和地基测量研究与辐射强迫和气候有关的大气气溶胶特性。 在之前由该PI领导的NSF支持的项目中，开发并测试了智能tetron，其高度可以通过使用加压恒定体积tetron内的可膨胀气球实现的可变压载来控制。在1995年ACE-1实验的现场阶段成功部署了智能四分之一天线，以跟踪空气包裹。 智能气球跟踪信息通过机载GPS接收器和压力、温度、湿度和降雨量传感器提供，这些传感器收集与位置数据一起沿着传输到研究飞行器的附加数据。开发这种能力的动机是使用装有仪器的智能四管在拉格朗日化学和边界层物理实验中进行数据收集和跟踪，而不会受到气球因着陆而丢失的威胁。 在这个项目中，将开发和建造下一代智能气球。转发器将增加双向通信功能。这将允许在实验期间从飞机调整操作参数和高度控制策略，并通过无线电提供更有效的数据传输。为了克服降水负荷的影响并扩大气球的压力范围，超压智能气球将由一种新的织物制成，这种织物提供比原始织物大十倍的动态升力范围。 新的球囊也将具有球形形状，其提供改善的表面积与体积比。仪器包、泵和应答器设计将与新球囊集成，并在现场实验部署之前进行测试。