GRK 1591: Posttranscriptional Control of Gene Expression: Mechanisms and Role in Pathogenesis

基因表达在转录和转录后水平上受到控制。转录后调控基本上由mRNA周转、翻译或特定转录物的定向亚细胞转运的调节决定。这些过程的主要调节因子是RNA结合蛋白（RBP）和非编码RNA，特别是高等真核生物中的微小RNA（miRNA，miR）以及细菌中的小的非编码sRNA。目前，主要的研究工作旨在阐明RNA结合蛋白和小的非编码RNA在病理生物学过程中的转录后调控作用。这一领域的研究基本上依赖于转化方法，并解决了直接临床相关性的各个方面。因此，需要制定旨在培训相关学科毕业生的结构化方案。基因表达的转录后调控方面是马丁路德大学（MLU）的中心研究重点。这一领域的研究工作基本上是由这个研究培训小组促进的，该小组为博士和医学博士的培训提供了一个结构化和跨学科的教育框架。这些努力得到了MLU自然科学和医学学院之间密切合作和合作的支持。根据教育方案的雅阁，研究培训小组的研究工作旨在分析指导mRNA命运转录后控制的分子机制，并阐明其失调如何促进发病机制。沿着这些路线，研究培训小组的特点不同的分子决定因素的转录后控制。这些包括酶、细胞骨架蛋白、RNA结合蛋白、microRNA、siRNA以及sRNA。研究培训小组的研究和教育工作得到了相关科学家的广泛专业知识的支持，涵盖生物化学，分子生物学，细胞生物学，生物医学和临床实践。

Gene expression is controlled at the transcriptional as well as posttranscriptional level. Posttranscriptional control is essentially determined by the regulation of mRNA turnover, translation or the directed subcellular transport of specific transcripts. Major regulators of these processes are RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and non-coding RNAs, in particular microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in higher eukaryotes as well as small non-coding sRNAs in bacteria. Currently, major research efforts aim at elucidating the role of posttranscriptional control by RNA binding proteins and small non-coding RNAs in pathobiological processes. Research in this field essentially relies on translational approaches and addresses various aspects of immediate clinical relevance. Accordingly, structured programmes aiming at the training of graduates in associated disciplines are required. Aspects of posttranscriptional control of gene expression are a central research focus at the Martin Luther University (MLU). Research efforts in this field are essentially promoted by this Research Training Group that provides a structured and interdisciplinary educational framework for the training of PhDs as well as MDs. These efforts are supported by close collaborations and cooperation between the faculties of natural sciences and medicine at the MLU. In accord with the educational programme, research efforts of the Research Training Group aim at analysing molecular mechanisms directing posttranscriptional control of mRNA fate and elucidating how their deregulation promotes pathogenesis. Along these lines, the Research Training Group characterises distinct molecular determinants of posttranscriptional control. These include enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, RNA binding proteins, microRNAs, siRNAs as well as sRNAs. Research and educational efforts of the Research Training Group are supported by a broad expertise spectrum of associated scientists covering biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, biomedicine and clinical practice.