Translational activation maintains germline tissue homeostasis during adulthood
Translational activation maintains germline tissue homeostasis during adulthood
复制标题
翻译激活维持成年期间种系组织的稳态
DOI：
10.1080/21624054.2015.1042644
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C.R. Eckmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nousch M;C.R. Eckmann
成体组织的维持是通过两种相反细胞命运的严格控制平衡来实现的：干细胞增殖和分化。近年来，生殖细胞系作为一种强有力的活体模型组织研究了调节这种平衡的潜在基因表达机制。在许多生物体中的研究强调了转录后mRNA调控的普遍性，其依赖于影响mRNA命运（例如衰变或翻译效率）的RNA靶向因子。保守的翻译阻遏物被鉴定为构建负反馈环以确保一个或另一个细胞命运。然而，为了促进两种相反的细胞命运之间快速有效的转变，翻译抑制似乎是不够的，这表明涉及额外的基因表达调控模式。胞质多聚腺苷酸聚合酶（cytoPAP）代表一类独特的转录后mRNA调节因子，其修饰mRNA 3'末端并积极影响胞质mRNA命运。我们最近发现，2个主要的cytoPAP，GLD-2和GLD-4，使用不同的机制，以促进基因表达和cytoPAP介导的mRNA激活是重要的调节的大小的增殖生殖细胞池中的adultCaelobditis elegansgonad。本文综述了两种cytoPAPs在生殖细胞发育中作为翻译激活因子的不同作用机制，并着重探讨了它们在维持线虫生殖干细胞增殖和分化平衡中的生物学作用。
Adult tissue maintenance is achieved through a tightly controlled equilibrium of 2 opposing cell fates: stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In recent years, the germ line emerged as a powerfulin vivomodel tissue to investigate the underlying gene expression mechanisms regulating this balance. Studies in numerous organisms highlighted the prevalence of post-transcriptional mRNA regulation, which relies on RNA-targeting factors that influence mRNA fates (e.g. decay or translational efficiency). Conserved translational repressors were identified that build negative feedback loops to ensure one or the other cell fate. However, to facilitate a fast and efficient transition between 2 opposing cell fates, translational repressionper seappears not to be sufficient, suggesting the involvement of additional modes of gene expression regulation. Cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerases (cytoPAPs) represent a unique class of post-transcriptional mRNA regulators that modify mRNA 3' ends and positively influence cytoplasmic mRNA fates. We recently discovered that the 2 main cytoPAPs, GLD-2 and GLD-4, use distinct mechanisms to promote gene expression and that cytoPAP-mediated mRNA activation is important for regulating the size of the proliferative germ cell pool in the adultCaenorhabditis elegansgonad. Here, we comment on the different mechanisms of the 2 cytoPAPs as translational activators in germ cell development and focus on their biological roles in maintaining the balance between germline stem cell proliferation and differentiation in theCaenorhabditis elegansgonad.
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影响因子：
23.9
作者：
Insco, Megan L.;Bailey, Alexis S.;Kim, Jongmin;Olivares, Gonzalo H.;Wapinski, Orly L.;Tam, Cheuk Ho;Fuller, Margaret T.
通讯作者：
Fuller, Margaret T.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hansen, Dave;Schedl, Tim
通讯作者：
Schedl, Tim
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbagrm.2007.12.003
发表时间：
2008-04
期刊：
Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Martin;S. Doublié;W. Keller
通讯作者：
G. Martin;S. Doublié;W. Keller
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000495107
发表时间：
2010-02-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Kershner, Aaron M.;Kimble, Judith
通讯作者：
Kimble, Judith
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
S. Crittenden;E. Troemel;T. C. Evans;J. Kimble
通讯作者：
S. Crittenden;E. Troemel;T. C. Evans;J. Kimble