The Reconstitution of Early Complex Society in Pacific Guatemala

在国家科学基金会的支持下，Michael Love博士将在位于危地马拉太平洋海岸附近的Ucarte考古遗址进行一个实地挖掘季节和一个额外的分析期。美国国家科学基金会目前支持的调查表明，乌斯怀特在公元前600年左右开始作为一个有计划的城市，并发展到相当大的规模。调查显示，在其高峰期，它占地超过4平方公里，并主导了一些二级中心，其中包含其仪式建筑的较小副本。通过他的工作，博士爱希望了解该网站的历史，以及它的社会，经济和政治组织如何随着时间的推移发展和变化。为了实现这一目标，Love博士和合作者将挖掘四个居民土丘，以增加样本到足够大的规模，以捕捉变化的全部范围。将额外的试验装置放置在已试验的土丘中，以扩大陶瓷和其他材料培养物的收集。该小组还将挖掘一个中心广场区域，并测试选定的非土堆位置。通过对收集到的材料进行分析，将有可能重建社会概况，确定经济分化的程度，并确定是否存在等级组织形式。 早期的复杂社会现在被认为是脆弱的，会经历融合和分解的循环。爱博士将调查一个这样的周期，在一个地区，有目前已知的中美洲最早的复杂社会的遗骸。这些社会的演变对于理解中美洲文化史具有基础性的重要意义，可以揭示复杂社会发展的机制。在中前古典时期，从CA。公元前900-600年，该地区第一个以La Blanca遗址为中心的大型区域政体成立并崩溃。在那次崩溃后不久，乌普勒特的近地点首先发展起来。洛夫博士的研究考察了从La Blanca政体到由Urete主导的政体的转变。从社会组织、经济结构和权力的意识形态基础等方面对两个实体进行比较。这项研究旨在了解乌杰苏特政体的结构在多大程度上重现了La Blanca的结构。在结构不同的程度上，研究人员将询问是什么条件使Ucarte能够在La Blanca没有的地方忍受和生长。

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Michael Love will conduct one field season of excavation and an additional period of analysis at the archaeological site of Ujuxte, located near the Pacific coast of Guatemala. Currently supported NSF investigations indicate that Ujuxte began as a planned city at approximately 600 BC and grew to reach considerable proportions. Survey has shown that at its peak, it covered over 4 sq kilometers and dominated a number of secondary centers which contained smaller copies of its ceremonial architecture. Through his work, Dr. Love wishes to understand the history of the site and how its social, economic and political organization developed and changed over time. To accomplish this goal, Dr. Love and collaborators will excavate four residential mounds to increase the sample to a sufficient size to capture the full range of variation. Additional test units will be placed in mounds already tested to expand ceramic and other material culture collections. The group will also excavate a central plaza area and test selected non-mound locations. Through the analysis of the materials collected it will be possible to reconstruct a social profile, determine the extent of economic differentiation and determine if a hierarchical form of organization existed. Early complex societies are now recognized as fragile and subject to cycles of integration and decomposition. Dr. Love will investigate one such cycle in a region which has remains of the earliest complex societies presently known for Mesoamerica. The evolution of those societies has basic importance for the understanding of Mesoamerican culture history and can shed light on the mechanisms of the development of complex society. During the Middle Preclassic period, from ca. 900-600 BC, the region's first large regional polity, centered on the site of La Blanca, was constituted and collapsed. Soon after that collapse the nearly site of Ujuxte first developed. Dr. Love's research examines the transition from the La Blanca polity to that dominated by Ujuxte. It will compare the two entities in terms of social organization, economic structures and ideological basis of power. The research seeks to understand the extent to which the structures of the Ujxute polity recreated those of La Blanca. To the extent that the structures are distinct, the research will then ask what conditions enabled Ujuxte to endure and grow where La Blanca did not.