Collaborative Research: Integrated Geophysical Study of the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge and Alpha Ridge from a Nuclear Submarine

合作研究：核潜艇对北极大洋中脊和阿尔法海脊的综合地球物理研究

• 批准号: 9618436
• 负责人: James Cochran
• 金额: $ 22.55万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 2000-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9618436&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Integrated; Geophysical; Study

A geophysical survey of the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge and Alpha Ridge are proposed for the 1997 SCICEX cruise to the Arctic Ocean. Instrumentation for the 1997 cruise has been greatly augmented by a bathymetry system and a CHIRP profiler. These instruments provide, for the first time, the ability to systematically map and characterize large portions of the Arctic Ocean floor. Two unique, important and largely unknown structures of the Arctic Ocean, the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge and the Alpha Ridge will be investigated. The Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR) is the slowest spreading oceanic portion of the mid-ocean ridge system with total spreading rates of 0.63 to 1.33 cm/yr. These spreading rates are so low that some models of mantle flow predict that no crust should be produced. At present, the morphology and structure of the AMOR, and in particular its slower eastern portion, are almost completely unknown. The Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge is a broad swell which extends for 200 km completely across the Amerasia Basin. It is probably a hotqpot trace although a number of other origins have been proposed, and it appears to have been affected by tectonic as well as volcanic processes. The tectonic fabric and structure of the Alpha Ridge and it role in the development of the Amerasia Basin are unknown.

建议对北冰洋中脊和阿尔法岭进行地球物理调查，以便1997年SCICEX邮轮前往北冰洋。1997年邮轮的仪器设备得到了极大的加强，有了一个水深测量系统和一个啁啾剖面仪。这些仪器首次提供了对北冰洋大部分海底进行系统测绘和描述的能力。北冰洋的两个独特的、重要的、但基本上未知的结构--北极中洋脊和阿尔法脊--将被调查。北极大洋中脊(AMOR)是大洋中脊系统中扩展最慢的海洋部分，总扩展速率为0.63-1.33厘米/年。这些扩张速度如此之低，以至于一些地幔流动模型预测不会产生地壳。目前，阿莫尔的形态和结构，特别是其较慢的东部部分，几乎完全未知。阿尔法-门捷列夫山脊是一个宽阔的隆起，绵延200公里，完全横跨美洲盆地。这可能是一个热点痕迹，尽管已经提出了许多其他来源，而且它似乎受到了构造和火山过程的影响。阿尔法岭的构造组构和结构以及它在美洲大陆盆地发展中的作用尚不清楚。