New Testing Methodology for Ordered Categorical Data

有序分类数据的新测试方法

• 批准号: 9618715
• 负责人: Arthur Cohen
• 金额: $ 21.38万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9618715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Testing; Methodology; Ordered; Categorical

Cohen and Sackrowitz 9618715 A classical protocol for the evaluation of a treatment is to administer a placebo to a set of individuals and administer the treatment to another set of individuals. Oftentimes the response variable is an ordered categorical variable such as no improvement, partial improvement, complete recovery. The researcher is interested in answering the question: Is the treatment "better" than the control? Many recommended testing procedures that are directed towards this question are found to be wanting. Among these are the likelihood ratio test and the Wilcoxon-Mann, Whitney test. The research involves a review of various definitions of "better" and the development of improved testing procedures. The new procedures are computer assisted and are shown to have desirable theoretical and practical properties. The determination of whether or not a new product or new treatment or new method is better than a standard is a fundamental issue in a variety of areas including biotechnology, materials, manufacturing, and the social sciences. Current methods used to make decisions in these situations are found to be either inappropriate or, in many instances, weak in their ability to detect a superior product. The investigators study decision procedures based on a new approach which is effective in eliminating the shortcomings of previous methods. Theoretical arguments as well as extensive numerical calculations support the findings and demonstrate the magnitude of the improvements.

Cohen和Sackrowitz 9618715评估治疗的一个经典方案是给一组个体服用安慰剂，对另一组个体实施治疗。通常，响应变量是一个有序的分类变量，如无改善、部分改善、完全恢复。这位研究人员感兴趣的是回答这个问题：治疗组比对照组“更好”吗？许多针对这一问题的推荐测试程序被发现是不必要的。其中包括似然比检验和Wilcoxon-Mann，Whitney检验。这项研究涉及对“更好”的各种定义的审查，以及改进测试程序的发展。新的程序是计算机辅助的，并被证明具有理想的理论和实用特性。确定一种新产品、新疗法或新方法是否比标准更好，是包括生物技术、材料、制造和社会科学在内的各种领域的一个基本问题。目前用于在这些情况下做出决策的方法被发现要么不合适，要么在许多情况下检测出更好的产品的能力很弱。调查人员基于一种新的方法研究决策程序，这种方法有效地消除了以前方法的缺点。理论论证和大量的数值计算支持了这一发现，并证明了改进的幅度。