Cloud Microphysics

云微观物理

• 批准号: 9626600
• 负责人: Norihiko Fukuta
• 金额: $ 12.27万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9626600&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cloud; Microphysics

Fukuta/Abstract Cirrus clouds often consist of polycrystalline ices, bullet- rosette in particular, and play an important role in the earth's radiative balance. Using a wedge-shaped ice thermal chamber and a continuous flow, horizontal gradient, ice-thermal diffusion chamber, the supersaturation temperature-polycrystalinity of formed ice crystals relationship and the growth of the polycrystalline ice will be studied with natural aerosol particles and pure water for the temperature down to about negative 38.5 degrees Celsius. Cirrus crystals frequently form out of supercooled clouds, and the vapor pressure of supercooled water is an important indicator for the phase equilbria and the phase change kinetics. Yet, the presently available data are extrapolated from those at higher temperature. Using the wedge-shaped ice thermal diffusion chamber with pure water droplets either free floating or supported on a nylon thread in the middle along the isothermal plane, and examining and comparing their growth/evaporation behaviour with the computed value, the vapor pressure of supercooled water will be determined for temperatures down to about negative 38.5 degrees Celsius and compared with the present table values.

Fukuta/Abstract 卷云通常由多晶冰组成，尤其是子弹花状冰，在地球辐射平衡中发挥着重要作用。 使用楔形冰热室和连续流、水平梯度、冰热扩散室，将在温度降至约负38.5摄氏度的情况下，利用天然气溶胶颗粒和纯水研究形成的冰晶的过饱和温度-多晶性关系以及多晶冰的生长。 卷云晶体经常由过冷云形成，过冷水的蒸气压是相平衡和相变动力学的重要指标。 然而，目前可用的数据是根据较高温度下的数据推断出来的。 使用带有纯水滴的楔形冰热扩散室，纯水滴可以自由漂浮或沿等温面支撑在中间的尼龙线上，检查它们的生长/蒸发行为并将其与计算值进行比较，将确定温度低至约负38.5摄氏度时的过冷水蒸气压，并与当前表值进行比较。