Multi-Scale Interactions in the Lake Induced Boundary Layer

小行星9629343 驱动大气环流的大部分能量是通过与地表交换热量、水分和动量获得的。 湖泊效应事件，即冷空气团在五大湖上空迅速改变，是研究这些交换的极好的自然实验室。湖诱导对流实验（湖-ICE）是一个多个主要研究者项目，旨在利用这个自然实验室来确定边界层生长过程如何受中尺度边界层对流结构控制，以及修改后的边界层如何影响降水的产生和更大尺度的对流结构。 气象条件 主要研究者将使用各种现场和远程测量来实现以下目标： 确定中尺度环流调节的程度 边界层顶部的卷吸过程; 确定是否通过相关的吞没发生夹带 在边界层中或通过 小规模界面混合和确定灵敏度 大尺度和中尺度条件下的过程。 确定卷吸事件对液滴大小的影响 云顶分布 这些目标将通过以下方式实现：汇编卷吸事件空间范围的统计数据库;通过分析雷达得出的垂直层廓线确定云顶卷吸过程;根据大、中、云尺度条件对统计数据库进行分类;卷吸事件微物理影响的个案研究。 研究的最终产品将是一个复合的二维反射率和垂直速度结构 一个中尺度带，与相应的云尺度和交叉逆温湍流强度，和几个详细的案例研究的说明。 这些将提供一个 更好地定量物理理解这些不同运动尺度之间的相互作用。 ***

9629343 Verlinde Much of the energy that drives atmospheric circulations is obtained through exchanges of heat, moisture, and momentum with the surface. Lake-effect events, where cold air masses are rapidly modified over the Great Lakes, are excellent natural laboratories for studying these exchanges. The Lake- Induced Convection Experiment (Lake-ICE) is a multiple- Principal Investigator project which seeks to use this natural laboratory to determine how boundary layer growth processes are controlled by mesoscale boundary layer convective structures and how the modified boundary layer effects the production of precipitation and the larger scale meteorological conditions The Principal Investigator will use a variety of in situ and remote measurements to attack the following objectives: Determine the extent to which mesoscale circulations modulate the entrainment processes at the top of the boundary layer; Determine if entrainment occurs through engulfment associated with large-eddy circulations n the boundary layer or through small-scale interfacial mixing and determine sensitivity of the processes to large and mesoscale conditions. Determine the impact of entrainment events on the drop size distribution at cloud top. These objectives will be accomplished by: Compiling a statistical data base of the spatial extent of entrainment events; The identification of cloud-top entrainment processes through analysis of radar derived vertical layer profiles; Categorizing the statistical data base according to large-, meso- and cloud-scale conditions; Case studies of the microphysical impact of entrainment events. The final products of the study will be a composite two-dimensional reflectivity and vertical velocity structure of a mesoscale band, with corresponding cloud-scale and cross-inversion turbulence intensity, and several descriptions of detailed case studies. These will provide a better quantitativ e physical understanding of the interaction between these different scales of motion. ***