Interactions of Physics and Biology: Gelatinous Predators in Chesapeake Bay

物理与生物学的相互作用：切萨皮克湾的胶状捕食者

• 批准号: 9633607
• 负责人: Jennifer Purcell
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-15 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9633607&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interactions; Physics; Biology; Gelatinous; Predators

Purcell 9633607 This research will interface with the ongoing 5-yr LMER II program (TIES) in Chesapeake Bay, which will provide logistic and analytical support and data on hydrography, mesozooplankton, and ichthyoplankton. A bay-wide data set will be collected on the distribution of gelatinous predators (medusae and ctenophores), as they are related to large-scale hydrographic features in the water column. The features of particular focus will be the seasonal pycnocline, fronts, the hydraulic control point, and biological patches. Regions of the bay for intensive mapping, and process-oriented studies include the polyhaline southern bay and the mesohaline mid-bay. In process-oriented studies, feeding and fecundity will be measured to determine if trophic interactions increase at hydrographic features. TIES will continuously measure mesozooplankton abundances and temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, and dissolved oxygen. Depth-discrete samples of gelatinous predators will be made using an opening closing net system. Biovolumes, numbers, and sizes of the live gelatinous organisms will be determined on board ship. Small and delicate specimens (larval ctenophores and hydromedusae) will be quantified from additional vertical plankton hauls. Individual specimens will be collected and (1) preserved immediately for gut content analysis, and (2) incubated overnight for egg production. Data analysis will emphasize 3-dimensional mapping and correlations of hydrographic data with population data on regional, seasonal, and interannual bases, as well as comparisons of the trophic and reproductive data relative to hydrographic features. Gelatinous predators are important components of the pelagic food web in Chesapeake Bay. Aggregations of jellyfish occur because of interactions of their behaviors with the physical characteristics of the water column. Chesapeake Bay is physically complex, with many possible aggregating features. Population data exist for only three gelatinous species in the bay, but 30 species have been reported. This research will provide critical studies on how physics and biology interact to cause intensification of trophic interactions at fronts and other physical features. ***

珀塞尔 9633607 这项研究将与正在进行的为期5年的LMER II计划（TIES）在切萨皮克湾，这将提供后勤和分析支持和水文数据，浮游动物和鱼类浮游生物。 将收集全海湾范围的凝胶捕食者（水母和栉水母）分布数据集，因为它们与水柱中的大规模水文特征有关。 特别关注的特征将是季节性密度跃层、锋面、水力控制点和生物斑块。 区域 的 湾密集 映射， 面向过程的研究包括多盐南部海湾和中盐中部海湾。在面向过程的研究中，将测量摄食和繁殖力，以确定营养相互作用是否在水文特征处增加。TIES将持续测量浮游动物丰度和温度，盐度，叶绿素， 溶解 氧气 深度离散样本 凝胶状捕食者将使用开放式闭合网系统。 活凝胶状生物体的生物体积、数量和大小将在船上确定。将从额外的垂直浮游生物拖运物中对小而精致的标本（幼体栉水母和水螅水母）进行定量。将采集个体标本，并（1）立即保存用于肠内容物分析，（2）孵育过夜用于产蛋。数据分析将强调三维制图和水文数据与区域、季节和年际基础上的人口数据的相关性，以及营养和生殖数据相对于 水文特征。 胶质捕食者 是切萨皮克湾远洋食物网的重要组成部分。 水母的聚集是因为它们的行为与水柱的物理特性相互作用而发生的。 切萨皮克 湾 在物理上是复杂的， 许多 可能的聚合功能。 人口数据存在于 只 3种，但已报道的有30种。 这项研究将提供关于物理学和生物学如何相互作用，导致营养相互作用在前线和其他物理特征的加剧的关键研究。 ***