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Senescence and nitrogen remobilization at plant level as affected by carbon and nitrogen source variation

受碳源和氮源变化影响的植物水平衰老和氮再利用

基本信息

批准号：
111001200
负责人：
Professor Dr. Andreas Fangmeier
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Pflanzenökologie (320b)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Units
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2008-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/111001200?language=en
关键词：
Senescence nitrogen remobilization plant level

项目摘要

Reduced nitrogen supply and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations both reduce the amount of nitrogen available for grain/seed filling from pools in vegetative tissues. However, green leaves with lower N content due to CO2 enrichment are physiologically fully functional in terms of carbon gain since their reduced N content represents a physiological adaptation and optimization of N allocation within the photosynthetic apparatus to increased C supply. The working hypotheses of this project are that modified lines of crops with improved N remobilization during leaf senescence will show improved nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen harvest index, but will not overcome the imbalance between C and N acquisition caused by elevated CO2. Based on prior observations with oilseed rape, CO2 enrichment is also expected to potentially initiate vegetative growth when plants are already in the generative stage. In order to test these hypotheses, growth experiments will be performed with oilseed rape and barley under varying N and CO2 supply. N and C acquisition, remobilization and redistribution during the entire life cycle will be assessed involving 15N as tracer. Experiments will involve modified lines and wild types of recent cultivars, but also old cultivars differing in grain/seed nitrogen content und nitrogen harvest index.Keywords: senescence, nitrogen remobilization, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen harvest index, genotypes, atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment.

氮供应减少和大气二氧化碳浓度升高都会减少营养组织中可用于谷物/种子填充的氮量。然而，由于二氧化碳富集而具有较低氮含量的绿叶在碳增益方面具有完全的生理功能，因为它们减少的氮含量代表了光合装置内氮分配对增加碳供应的生理适应和优化。该项目的工作假设是，在叶片衰老过程中改善氮再利用的改良作物品系将显示出改善的氮利用效率和氮收获指数，但不会克服二氧化碳升高引起的碳和氮获取之间的不平衡。根据之前对油菜的观察，当植物已经处于生殖阶段时，二氧化碳浓缩也有望启动营养生长。为了检验这些假设，将在不同的氮和二氧化碳供应下对油菜和大麦进行生长实验。将使用 15N 作为示踪剂来评估整个生命周期中 N 和 C 的获取、再动员和再分配。实验将涉及最新品种的改良品系和野生型，以及谷物/种子氮含量和氮收获指数不同的老品种。关键词：衰老，氮再利用，氮利用效率，氮收获指数，基因型，大气二氧化碳富集。