Heterogeneous Reactions of Chloride Salts in the Atmosphere: A Surface Science Approach

大气中氯化物盐的非均相反应：表面科学方法

• 批准号: 9707285
• 负责人: John Hemminger
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-15 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707285&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Heterogeneous; Reactions; Chloride; Salts; Atmosphere

9707285 Hemminger This project will explore the fundamental kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of solid sodium chloride and hydrated salts, such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, with gases such as nitric acid, dinitrogen pentoxide, and chlorine nitrate, using surface science techniques including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. Other surface spectroscopic techniques, such as high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy and laser-induced desorption mass spectrometry, will also be used as warranted during the project. The reactions to be studied are believed to contribute to the formation of hydrochloric acid, nitryl chloride, and molecular chlorine, respectively. The latter two are of particular importance since their photolysis produces chlorine atoms which may compete with hydroxyl radicals in initiating the oxidation of organics in the troposphere. Particular emphasis will be placed on studies to elucidate the importance of water on the rates of these reactions and on morphological changes in the surface structure as the reactions occur.

9707285 Hemminger该项目将探索氯化钠固体钠和水合盐反应的基本动力学和机制，例如氯化钙和氯化镁，具有硝酸，二戊酸五氧化二二氧化二氧化二氧化二氧化物，氯化二二氧化物和氯硝酸盐，使用表面科学技术，包括X-Realsosige，包括X-Rayscore，以及含量包括X-RA​​YSCORPORY和含有X-Rayscorron的含量，以及含氮。 其他表面光谱技术，例如高分辨率电子能量损耗光谱和激光诱导的解吸质谱法，也将在项目期间保证。据信，要研究的反应分别有助于盐酸，氯化硝基氯和分子氯的形成。后两者特别重要，因为它们的光解会产生氯原子，这些氯原子可能与羟基自由基在对流层中启动有机物的氧化时竞争。随着反应的发生，将特别重点放在研究上，以阐明水对这些反应速率以及表面结构的形态变化的重要性。