Heterogeneous Reactions of Chloride Salts in the Atmosphere: A Surface Science Approach

大气中氯化物盐的非均相反应：表面科学方法

• 批准号: 9707285
• 负责人: John Hemminger
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-15 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707285&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Heterogeneous; Reactions; Chloride; Salts; Atmosphere

9707285 Hemminger This project will explore the fundamental kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of solid sodium chloride and hydrated salts, such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, with gases such as nitric acid, dinitrogen pentoxide, and chlorine nitrate, using surface science techniques including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. Other surface spectroscopic techniques, such as high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy and laser-induced desorption mass spectrometry, will also be used as warranted during the project. The reactions to be studied are believed to contribute to the formation of hydrochloric acid, nitryl chloride, and molecular chlorine, respectively. The latter two are of particular importance since their photolysis produces chlorine atoms which may compete with hydroxyl radicals in initiating the oxidation of organics in the troposphere. Particular emphasis will be placed on studies to elucidate the importance of water on the rates of these reactions and on morphological changes in the surface structure as the reactions occur.

9707285 Hemminger本项目将利用包括x射线光电子能谱和电子显微镜在内的表面科学技术，探索固体氯化钠和水合盐（如氯化钙和氯化镁）与硝酸、五氧化二氮和硝酸氯等气体反应的基本动力学和机理。其他表面光谱技术，如高分辨率电子能量损失光谱和激光诱导解吸质谱，也将在项目期间使用。所研究的反应被认为分别有助于形成盐酸、硝基氯和氯分子。后两者特别重要，因为它们的光解作用产生氯原子，氯原子可能与羟基自由基竞争，引发对流层中有机物的氧化。特别的重点将放在研究上，以阐明水对这些反应的速率和反应发生时表面结构的形态变化的重要性。