Oil, Communities, and the Environment in the Shetland Islands and Alaska

设得兰群岛和阿拉斯加的石油、社区和环境

• 批准号: 9710522
• 负责人: William Freudenburg
• 金额: $ 10.47万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9710522&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Oil; Communities; Environment; Shetland; Islands

This comparative case study of the influence of community participation in environmental management, for the Valdez oil terminal in Alaska and the Sullom Voe oil terminal in the Shetland Islands, will contribute to several underdeveloped areas in the environmental policy literature: empirical studies of the mechanisms through which communities can contribute to environmental management, the effects of decisions involving national and sub-national regulatory bodies, and the relationship of community involvement to atrophy of vigilance in organizations. It will generate two detailed examples of how national and sub-national styles of regulation interact in shaping a specific set of policy choices and explore the processes and institutional arrangements through which various groups have debated proposals for and influenced deployment and maintenance of environmental safeguards at the two terminals throughout their histories. The study proposes that organizations responsible for pollution prevention are vulnerable to an atrophy of vigilance in which environmental safeguards are reduced over time to save costs, but that incorporation of the concerns of local communities into the environmental management process tends to counteract this phenomenon. Detailed examination of institutional arrangements, the substance and outcomes of public policy debates, and company and public records is necessary in order to measure whether or not and when organizational atrophy of vigilance occurs. Results from the research will provide a detailed empirical basis for theory development and hypothesis testing in the three areas of the environmental policy literature identified above. Results will be reported in articles and presentations.

这项关于社区参与环境管理影响的比较案例研究，针对阿拉斯加的瓦尔迪兹石油码头和设得兰群岛的苏洛姆沃伊石油码头，将为环境政策文献中的几个欠发达领域做出贡献：对社区为环境管理做出贡献的机制的实证研究，涉及国家和地方监管机构的决策的影响，以及社区参与与萎缩的关系 组织中的警惕性。 它将提供两个详细的例子，说明国家和地方监管风格如何相互作用，形成一套具体的政策选择，并探讨各个团体在其历史上辩论提案并影响两个航站楼环境保护措施部署和维护的过程和制度安排。 该研究提出，负责污染预防的组织很容易出现警惕性下降的情况，随着时间的推移，环境保护措施会减少以节省成本，但将当地社区的关切纳入环境管理过程往往会抵消这种现象。 为了衡量组织警惕性是否以及何时发生，有必要对制度安排、公共政策辩论的实质和结果以及公司和公共记录进行详细检查。 研究结果将为上述环境政策文献的三个领域的理论发展和假设检验提供详细的实证基础。 结果将在文章和演示文稿中报告。