Heterogeneous Chemistry of Halogen-, Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Acids and Salts

小行星9711970 该项目是对含有卤素、氮和硫分子的电解质系统的研究，这些分子对大气很重要。 工作的主要重点是通过分子团簇方法研究电解质在水体系中的吸收/溶解以及相关的气体到颗粒过程。 电解质系统的热化学和反应机理也将被研究为一个较小的一组电解质系统，具有高度相关的大气现象。 主要重点将放在卤素（作为酸的形式），卤素含氧酸和盐，以及一些相关的电解质物种组成的氮和硫酸盐化合物。 将采用两种光谱方法来研究与电解质溶解相关的过程：（1）溶剂化时的共振电子态能量变化;（2）光耗尽。 一个飞行时间质谱仪系统配置适当的可调谐激光器将用于研究。 该项目的结果将提供关于通过分子聚集发生的竞争性化学和物理过程的相对重要性的新信息。 这些非均匀的过程具有潜在的重要性，了解大气分子的极地平流层冰晶的吸收，并阐明气体到粒子的转换机制，发生在对流层下部。

9711970 Castleman The project is a study of electrolyte systems that contain halogens, nitrogen and sulfur molecules which are important to the atmosphere. The main focus of the work is to study the uptake/dissolution of electrolytes in aqueous systems and related gas-to-particle processes via a molecular cluster approach. The thermochemistry and reaction mechanisms of electrolyte systems will also be investigated for a smaller set of electrolyte systems which have high relevance to atmospheric phenomena. The main emphasis will be on halogens (as the acid forms), halogen oxyacids and salts, and on some related electrolyte species composed of nitrogen and sulfate compounds. Two spectroscopic approaches will be employed to study the processes associated with electrolyte dissolution: (1) resonant electronic state energy change upon solvation; and (2) photodepletion. A time-of-flight mass spectrometer system configured with appropriate tunable lasers will be used for the research. Results from the project will provide new information on the relative importance of competing chemical and physical processes that occur via molecular aggregation. These heterogeneous processes have potential importance for understanding the uptake of atmospheric molecules by polar stratospheric ice crystals, and for elucidating gas-to-particle conversion mechanisms that occur in the lower troposphere.