Solvated Salts and Acids: Contributions to Basic Understanding of Nucleation, Particle Growth, and Aerosol Chemistry

这项工作将继续创新地研究水流星系统的簇化学，以及它们揭示的气体到颗粒转化过程的行为，以及大气气溶胶颗粒的性质。簇是原子或分子的小气相聚集体，其组成和大小特征可以在实验室环境中控制，从而可以研究它们的反应性和生长。因此，适用于大气化学的系统中的非均相过程，如成核、溶剂化和表面吸附，可以进行详细的机理研究。需要研究的系统包括：水簇离子和酸的溶解和成核过程。酸和简单盐（如HX，其中X是卤素；硝酸）中的溶剂化现象，包括卤素置换，这是一种已知的大气过程。双基离子的存在和离子对在卤酸和其它酸体系中的形成。有机物质（如丙酮、吡啶、简单羧酸、卤化有机物和多环芳烃）在水团簇中的成核。这些研究的一个更广泛的影响是物理化学和大气化学学科之间的持续对话，包括跨学科的概念和技术意识以及学生培训。

This work will continue innovative investigations into cluster chemistry of hydrometeor systems and what they reveal as to the behavior of gas-to-particle conversion processes, and the nature of atmospheric aerosol particles. Clusters are small gas-phase aggregates of atoms or molecules whose composition and size characteristics can be controlled in a laboratory setting, allowing their reactivity and growth to be studied. Heterogeneous processes in systems applicable to atmospheric chemistry such as nucleation, solvation and surface adsorption are thus amenable to detailed mechanistic investigation. Systems to be studied include: . Dissolution and nucleation processes of water cluster ions and acids . Solvation phenomena in acids and simple salts (e.g., HX where X is a halogen; nitric acid) including halogen replacement, a known atmospheric process . Existence of biradical ions and ion-pair formation in haloacids and other acid systems . Nucleation of organic species (e.g., acetone, pyridine, simple carboxylic acids, halogenated organics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water clusters).A broader impact of these investigations is the ongoing dialog between the disciplines of physical chemistry and atmospheric chemistry, including interdisciplinary concept and technique awareness and student training.